B&K.2+3_P.026 Flashcards
‘II+III.
‘26.7
2
असंदिग्धम् ind.
असंदिग्धम् ind. without any doubt, certainly
‘II+III.
‘26.9
‘2.0
विकार m.
विकार m. vikāraḥ विकारः 1 Change of form or nature, transformation, deviation from the natural state; cf. विकृति. -2 A change, alteration, a modification; प्रमथमुखविकारै- र्हासयामास गूढम् Ku.7.95; नेत्रवक्त्रविकारैश्च लक्ष्यते$न्तर्गतं मनः Pt.1.44; Ś.7. -3 Sickness, disease, malady; विकारं खलु परमार्थतो$ज्ञात्वा$नारम्भः प्रतीकारस्य Ś.4; Ku.2.48. -4 Change of mind or purpose; मूर्च्छन्त्यमी विकाराः प्रायेणैश्वर्य- मत्तेषु Ś.5.18. -5 A feeling, an emotion; विकारश्चैतन्यं भ्रम- यति च संमीलयति च U.1.35;3.25,36; Māl.1.3. -6 Agitation, excitement, perturbation; कुतः परस्मिन् पुरुषे विकारः Ki.17.23. -7 Contortion, contraction (as of the features of the face); प्रमथमुखविकारैर्हासयामास गूढम् Ku.7.95. -8 (In Sā&ndot. phil.) That which is evolved from a previous source or Prakṛiti. -9 A wound. -Comp. -हेतुः a temptation, seduction, cause of perturbation; विकारहेतौ सति विक्रियन्ते येषां न चेतांसि त एव धीराः Ku.1.59.
‘II+III.
‘26.9
‘2.0
परीक्षा f.
परीक्षा f. parīkṣā परीक्षा 1 Examination, test, trial; पत्तने विद्यमाने$पि ग्रामे रत्नपरीक्षा M.1; Ms.9.19. -2 Trial by various kinds of ordeals (in law).
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DISTINGUISH FROM परोक्षा f. (sc. vṛtti-) a past or completed action ; परोक्षा f. (sc. vibhakti-) a termination of the perfect tense
‘I.19.14
1
नितान्त mfn.
नितान्त mfn. extraordinary, excessive, considerable, important
नितान्त in the beginning of a compound very much, in a high degree etc.
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??? वि + √तन् ‘stretched out, extended’ ??? Not in WR.
‘II+III.
‘26.18
‘2.0
नितान्त adj.
HERE = ‘ in an absolute sense’ (?)
नितान्त adj. nitānta नितान्त a. Extraordinary, excessive, very much, intense; नितान्तकठिनां रुजं मम न वेद यो मानसीम् V.2.11; R.3.8, -तम् ind. Excessively, very much, exceedingly, in a high degree; मित्रं को$पि न कस्या$पि नितान्तं न च वैरकृत् Pt.2.116. -Comp. -कठिण (न) a. Very hard, severe; नितान्तकठिनां रुजं मम न वेद यो मानसीम् V.2.11.
‘II+III.
‘26.19
‘2.0
विध्वस्त adj.
विध्वस्त adj. vidhvasta विध्वस्त p. p. 1 Ruined, destroyed; दृश्यते मित्रविध्वस्तः कार्याद्वैरिप्ररक्षितः Pt.2.113. -2 Scattered about, tossed up. -3 Obscured, darkened. -4 Eclipsed.
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मित्रविध्वस्त = ‘destroyed by a friend’ (VS. वैरिप्ररक्षित = ‘saved by an enemy’).
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विध्वस्त = PPP √विध्वंस् = वि + √ध्वंस् (or dhvas-) A1. -dhvaṃsate- (rarely ti-), to fall to pieces, crumble into dust or powder, be scattered or dispersed or destroyed, perish etc. etc.: Causal -dhvaṃsayati- (ind.p. -dhvaṃsya-,or -dhvasya-), to cause to fall to pieces or crumble, dash to pieces, crush, destroy, annihilate etc. ; to hurt, injure
‘II+III.
‘26.19
‘2.0
मित्रविध्वस्त adj.
मित्रविध्वस्त adj. = ‘destroyed by a friend’
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विध्वस्त = PPP FROM
√विध्वंस् = वि + √ध्वंस् (or dhvas-) A1. -dhvaṃsate- (rarely ti-), to fall to pieces, crumble into dust or powder, be scattered or dispersed or destroyed, perish etc. etc.: Causal -dhvaṃsayati- (ind.p. -dhvaṃsya-,or -dhvasya-), to cause to fall to pieces or crumble, dash to pieces, crush, destroy, annihilate etc. ; to hurt, injure
‘II+III.
‘26.19
‘2.0
वैरिप्ररक्षित adj.
वैरिप्ररक्षित adj. = ‘saved by an enemy’
‘II+III.
‘26.23
‘2.0
खलप्रीति f.
खलप्रीति f. the friendship or favour of low or wicked persons
‘II+III.
‘26.9-10
‘2.0
विकारं … कारयेन्मित्रमुत्तमम् ॥११०॥
विकारं … कारयेन्मित्रमुत्तमम् ॥११०॥
THE SENSE OF THIS COUPLET IS:
“Of one, a well-born friend, whose mind/thought experiences no change ever in a state of prosperity - let one make that one his supreme friend.”
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THERE IS SOME DEGREE OF ANACOLUTHON IN THE TEXT OF B&K HERE. JHA READS:FOLLOWING INSTEAD FOR THE 3RD PADA:
“ मित्रं स्यात्सर्वकाले च , “
‘II+III.
‘26.11-12
‘2.0
विद्वद्भिः … पण्दितैः ॥१११॥
विद्वद्भिः … पण्डितैः ॥१११॥
THE SENSE OF THIS COUPLET IS THIS:
“Here [in such cases / under such circumstances] there is said by the wise to be a cause of testing of friends by means of these signs - no doubt - just as there is said by paṅḍits to be a cause of testing the fire for the sacrificial oblation.”
‘II+III.
‘26.16
‘2.0
नीतिविरुद्ध adj.
नीतिविरुद्ध adj. “forbidden by the rules of sound/good conduct”
NOTE: IT IS NECESSARY TO UNDERSTAND THE WORD “OTHERWISE” HERE - TEASING IT OUT OF THE SENSE OF यतः (=since) IN ORDER TO MAKE SENSE OF THIS SENTENCE. THE TURTLE IS SAYING THAT THE BIRD’S PROVEN FRIENDSHIP WITH THE MOUSE MAKES HIM, TOO, TRUST THE BIRD, SINCE OTHERWISE THIS FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN MEAT-EATING BIRDS AND WATER CREATURES IS forbidden by the rules of sound/good conduct.
‘II+III.
‘26.18-19
‘2.0
मित्रं … कार्याद्वैरिप्ररक्षितः ॥११३॥
मित्रं … कार्याद्वैरिप्ररक्षितः ॥११३॥
THE SENSE OF THE COUPLET SEEMS TO BE:
“No one is the friend nor an enemy (वैरकृत् IS NOM. SG. MASC.) of anyone in an absolute sense (नितान्तम्) : from real life / from lived experience / from the fact(s) (कार्यात्) there is seen to be (such a thing as) one killed by his friend, one saved by his enemy.”
‘II+III.
‘26.23-24
‘2.0
अभ्रच्छाया … धनानि च ॥११४॥
अभ्रच्छाया …धनानि च ॥११४॥
THE SENSE OF THE COUPLET IS:
“The shadow of a cloud, the friendship of rogues, cooked food, women, the youthful times of life, wealth:
(all these things are) to be enjoyed (only) at certain times (and are not always available for this purpose).”
I.E. USE IT OR LOSE IT, YOU SNOOZE YOU LOSE, ETC.
‘II+III.
‘26.26-27.2
‘2.0
सुसंचितैर् … दीयते ॥११५॥
सुसंचितैर् … दीयते ॥११५॥
= “Not even a set of five steps WITH these wicked wealths (well saved and guarded like life itself, (and) on no occasion separated FROM his own body) is given to a man although he is going as far as to the House of Death.” (SO WEALTH AND GREED ARE USELESS)
MAYBE THE NORM IS THAT YOU GET FOUR STEPS, AND THIS IS SAYING THAT HAVING A LOT OF MONEY WILL STILL NOT BUY YOU A FIFTH STEP?
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I.E. YOU CANNOT TAKE IT WITH YOU. THE INSTRUMENTAL PLURALS HERE SEEM TO EXPRESS ACCOMPANIMENT RATHER THAN AGENCY
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THE SENSE OF THE VERSE IS ALSO PROBLEMATIC BECAUSETHE LOCATIVE निजेपि देहे NEEDS TO BE TAKEN AS AN ABLATIVE OF SEPARATION = निजातपि देहात् GIVEN THAT वियोजित ONLY MEANS “SEPARATED FROM” (A MEANING WHICH FITS WELL WITH THE CONTEXT HERE BUT WHICH THE TEXT WILL NOT SUPPORT.
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SO JHA (P. 352 #121) READS नियोजितैः INSTEAD, FROM -
niyojita नियोजित a. Directed, ordered. -2 Appointed. -3 Joined to. -4 Instigated, incited. -5 Used, employed.
- INSTEAD OF -
वियोजित mfn. (fr. Causal) disjoined, disunited, separated from or deprived of (instrumental case or compound) ; viyojita वियोजित p. p. 1 Separated. -2 Separated from, deprived of.
- AND THIS IS PROBABLY THE CORRECT READING. AT LEAST BOTH TEXT AND SENSE ARE ACCEPTABLE.
