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IPAP > PPP ROSH- Neuro > Flashcards

PPP ROSH- Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

What PE test can be performed to Dx Carpal Tunnel

What are the RFs for developing this condition

Define Trigeminal Neuralgia and how are they Tx

A

Phalen- dorsal aspect of hands pressed together x 30sec; + if tingle/numb over median distribution

Obese RA Pregnancy Hypothyroid DM Strains

CN5 episodic pain R>L; Carbamazepine > Oxcarbazepine

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2
Q

What causes Parkinson’s Dz

What will Pts present looking like/with

What two class of drugs can induce Parkisonian features

A

Loss of substantia nigra resulting in dopamine depletion

Resting tremor Bradykinesia Muscular rigidity Postural instability

Antipsychotics, Antiemetics

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3
Q

When does Crypto become an opportunistic infection in AIDS Pts

How is this Dx

How are Pts Tx

A

CD4 <100

India ink stain of CSF

IV Amphotericin + PO Fluctyosine then 8wks of PO Fluconazole

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4
Q

MCC of adult bacterial meningitis

Classic triad is ?

? is the MC type of HA and how is it Tx

A

Strep pneumo

M: Fever AMS Nuchal rigidity

Tension: NSAIDs

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5
Q

? imaging results may be seen of encephalitis

How is encephalitis w/ no known source Tx

What two anticholinergics can be used to Tx dystonic reactions

A

Temporal lobe causing memory/speech issues

Acyclovir

Benztropine, Diphenhydramine

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6
Q

Define TIA

How is isoniazid OD induced seizure Tx

MC type of migraine and are thought to be d/t ?

A

Transient neuro dysfunction d/t focal ischemia w/out infarct

Pyridoxine

W/out aura- abnormal trigeminal activation

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7
Q

Define Status Migranosus

Trigeminal neuralgia is AKA ?

? motor muscles may be involved w/ this condition

A

Migraine HA >72hrs

Tic douloureux

Mastication

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8
Q

Carpal tunnel induced atrophy involves ? muscle

How is Tardive Dyskinesia managed

IIH Dx by ?

A

Abductor pollicis brevis

Benzos

Inc opening pressure on LP >250mm

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9
Q

What S/Sxs are seen w/ Idiopathic Intracranial HTN

Class of drugs to Tx Myasthenia Gravis have ? suffix

What causes this and how does it present

A 
Papilledema
Obese female
Vit A toxicity
Elevated opening pressure
Diplopia w/ CN6 palsy

-stigmine

Acth receptors blocked by Abs causing weakness/fatigue improved w/ rest

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10
Q

What causes a mysthenia crisis

Howa re Pts Tx

What causes Huntingtons

A

Infection/medication

Ventilation w/ plasma exchange and IVIG

Autosomal dominant Chrom4p mutation leading to choreiform movement and behavior decline

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11
Q

How is MS Dx

How are Pts Tx

This Dx owns ? MC stat

A

Non-contrast MRI w/ T2 hyperintensities in periventricular white matter

Acute attacks: CCS
Plasma exchange

MC acquired neuro disability in young adults

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12
Q

How are brain abscesses Tx

What role do CCS have in Tx

Never use triptans in Pts w/ ? Medhx or in ? combo

A

3rd gen cephalosporin w/ Metronidazole

Cerebral edema d/t the abscess

CVDz, HTN, PVDz or w/ Ergotamines

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13
Q

How is ethanol poisoning Tx

First line Tx for Absence Seizures

TIA w/ vision, vertigo, difficulty swallowing/speaking is d/t ? vascular structure involvement

A

Fomepizol- inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase

Esthosuximide

Vertebrobasilar arteries

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14
Q

Define Complex Febrile Seizures

Infantile spasms presentation

? type of tremor does MS present w/

A

Multiple seizures during same febrile illness, >15min or have a focal component

D/t tuberous sclerosis- hysarrhythmia on EEG; Tx: ACTH, steroids, benzos

Intention: worsens w/ movement, worse as approaching target; No tremor at rest

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15
Q

Best test to confirm DVT presence

Indications for dialysis

Tumor lysis syndrome lab results

A

Compression US

K ≥6 Uric acid ≥10, SrCr ≥10, Phos ≥10

Hyper-uricemia, phosphatemia, kalemia
Hypo-Ca

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16
Q

How do TCA ODs present

What EKG finding aids w/ Dx

How are PTs Tx and what is c/i

A

Blockage of fast Na channels causing QRS widening w/ anticholinergic effects

Terminal R wave in aVR

Tx: Diazepam, NA Bicarb if QRS >100ms, NS w/ pressors
C/i: phenytoin

17
Q

Infants will have ? normal EKG abnormality

Viral meningitis lab results

How are bacterial vs fungal etiology differed by lab results

A

RAD w/ RVH

WBC: 500-2k, Low/N glucose, N/Inc Protein

Bacterial WBC: >1000 w/ neutrophils
Fungal WBCs: 10-1K

18
Q

Presence of even ? cell in CSF lab results is abnormal and indicates ?

TIA induced by carotid stenosis is anticoagulated by ?

Define Anterior/Central/Brown cord syndrome

A

Eosinophil, Parasitic infection

ASA

Ant: flexion injury- lost motor, temp, pain; preserved proprioception, vibration
Central: sensory and motor deficit Upper > Lower
Brown: Ipsilateral MVP loss, contralateral Pain/temp loss

19
Q

Status epilepticus Tx

? condition occurs after bilateral interfacetal dislocations

? memories are preserved in dementia

A

Loraza/Diaz-epam, Midazolam
Phentyoin/Valproic/Levetiracetam
-barbital/Propofol

Complete cord transection

Remote

20
Q

Mini mental exam assesses ? 3 things

MC type of migraine aura

Prophylaxis for tension HAs

A

Orientation Memory Attention

Visual

Verapamil

21
Q

How is meningitis Tx

How is Listeria meningitis Tx

How is Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus first ID’d and how is it Tx

A

Vanc + Ceftriax

Vanc Ceftriax and Ampicillin

Urinary urgency- early on
Shunt placement- gait Sxs most improved

22
Q

MCC of aseptic meningitis

MCC of encephalitis

What part of the brain is MC involved and how are Pts Tx

A

Coxsacie, Echovirus

HSV-1

Temporal and inferior frontal- IV Acyclovir

23
Q

Sequence of Tx for Status Epilepticus

Anterior Cord Syndrome

A

Benzo Pheytoin Phenobarbitol

ANT couldn't walk to bathroom in TeePee, he peed his pants when bladder busted w/ flexion
Lower extremity motor deficit
Temp/Pain loss
Bladder dysfunction
Flexion injury
24
Q

Central Cord Syndrome

A

Maleficent developed frostbite when she extended hand touched cold window panes, couldn’t put shawl on w/ weak hands

Extension injury
Loss of pain/temp
Upper>Lower extremity
Shawl distribution

AKA Syringomyelia?

25
Q

Brown Sequard Syndrome

A

MVP on winning side was oblivious Two stabbing heat from pain of defeat from losing side

Ipsilateral MVP: motor, vibratory, proprioception
Contralateral- pain, temp
Stabbing injury

26
Q

Imaging for stroked

Brief LoC followed by lucid period

Subarachnoid aneurysm MC d/t ?

A

CT w/out contrast

Epidural

Ruptured berry aneurysm w/ sudden thunder clap HA

27
Q

Epidural hematoma is d/t ? rupture

Subdural hematoma is d/t ? rupture

Carotid endarerectomy is recommended if ?

A

Middle meningeal artery

Cortical bridging vein- C-shaped lesion

Carotid stenosis 50-99%

28
Q

First line Tx for absence seizures

Second line Tx

MC and aggressive brain malignancy in adults

A

Ethosuximide

Valproic acid

Glioblastoma- image w/ MRI w/ contrast

29
Q

Lambert Eaton syndrome is associated w/ ?

Only drug that impacts ALS

How is Tourette’s D/o Tx

A

SCLung Ca

Riluzole

Tetrabenazine, Clonidine

30
Q

MC type of stroke

MC RF

Anterior circulation is via ? and has ? Sxs

A

Ischemic

HTN

Anterior/Mid cerebral artery:
Contralateral extremity weakness w/ sensory deficit, and homo hemi vision loss

31
Q

Posterior circulation is via ? and has ? Sxs

Essential tremor usually presents w/ ?

? type of tremor is improved w/ alcohol

A

Vertibrobasilar artery- Vomit, Visual, Vertigo

Posture tremor of hands/head, spares legs

Essential

32
Q

How are EPS Sxs Tx

Eating fish, poison

Tx

A

Benztropine, Diphenhydramine

Ciguatera d/t reef dinoflagellates

Fluids, antiemetics

33
Q

Spinal cord stops at ? level in adults

Terminal end of cord is called

Concussion Sxs lasting more than ? are Dx as post-concussion syndrome

A

L1-2

Conus medularis

> 10d

34
Q

MC precipitating factor for tension HA

How is GBS Tx

Acute subdural hemorrhage is reclassified as chronic after ? long

A

Stress

Plasmapheresis and IVIG

> 3wks

35
Q

? is delayed complication of subarachnoid hemorrhages

How is this complication prevented

Cushings Triad

A

Cerebral vasospasm

Minodipine

Bradycardia, HTN, Irregular breathing

36
Q

MS CSF results

Carotid Artery Dissection presentation

How is this Tx

A

Pleocytosis, Inc oligoclonal bands of Gamm-globulin

Post-chiropractor manipulation w/ pulsatile tinnitus, partial Horners and contralateral hemiparesis

LMWH w/ Warfarin

37
Q

Marcus Gunn pupil

A

Afferent defect- bilateral constriction w/ light in unaffected eye, no response w/ light in affected eye

IPAP (212 decks)

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