PPP ROSH- Neuro Flashcards
What PE test can be performed to Dx Carpal Tunnel
What are the RFs for developing this condition
Define Trigeminal Neuralgia and how are they Tx
Phalen- dorsal aspect of hands pressed together x 30sec; + if tingle/numb over median distribution
Obese RA Pregnancy Hypothyroid DM Strains
CN5 episodic pain R>L; Carbamazepine > Oxcarbazepine
What causes Parkinson’s Dz
What will Pts present looking like/with
What two class of drugs can induce Parkisonian features
Loss of substantia nigra resulting in dopamine depletion
Resting tremor Bradykinesia Muscular rigidity Postural instability
Antipsychotics, Antiemetics
When does Crypto become an opportunistic infection in AIDS Pts
How is this Dx
How are Pts Tx
CD4 <100
India ink stain of CSF
IV Amphotericin + PO Fluctyosine then 8wks of PO Fluconazole
MCC of adult bacterial meningitis
Classic triad is ?
? is the MC type of HA and how is it Tx
Strep pneumo
M: Fever AMS Nuchal rigidity
Tension: NSAIDs
? imaging results may be seen of encephalitis
How is encephalitis w/ no known source Tx
What two anticholinergics can be used to Tx dystonic reactions
Temporal lobe causing memory/speech issues
Acyclovir
Benztropine, Diphenhydramine
Define TIA
How is isoniazid OD induced seizure Tx
MC type of migraine and are thought to be d/t ?
Transient neuro dysfunction d/t focal ischemia w/out infarct
Pyridoxine
W/out aura- abnormal trigeminal activation
Define Status Migranosus
Trigeminal neuralgia is AKA ?
? motor muscles may be involved w/ this condition
Migraine HA >72hrs
Tic douloureux
Mastication
Carpal tunnel induced atrophy involves ? muscle
How is Tardive Dyskinesia managed
IIH Dx by ?
Abductor pollicis brevis
Benzos
Inc opening pressure on LP >250mm
What S/Sxs are seen w/ Idiopathic Intracranial HTN
Class of drugs to Tx Myasthenia Gravis have ? suffix
What causes this and how does it present
Papilledema Obese female Vit A toxicity Elevated opening pressure Diplopia w/ CN6 palsy
-stigmine
Acth receptors blocked by Abs causing weakness/fatigue improved w/ rest
What causes a mysthenia crisis
Howa re Pts Tx
What causes Huntingtons
Infection/medication
Ventilation w/ plasma exchange and IVIG
Autosomal dominant Chrom4p mutation leading to choreiform movement and behavior decline
How is MS Dx
How are Pts Tx
This Dx owns ? MC stat
Non-contrast MRI w/ T2 hyperintensities in periventricular white matter
Acute attacks: CCS
Plasma exchange
MC acquired neuro disability in young adults
How are brain abscesses Tx
What role do CCS have in Tx
Never use triptans in Pts w/ ? Medhx or in ? combo
3rd gen cephalosporin w/ Metronidazole
Cerebral edema d/t the abscess
CVDz, HTN, PVDz or w/ Ergotamines
How is ethanol poisoning Tx
First line Tx for Absence Seizures
TIA w/ vision, vertigo, difficulty swallowing/speaking is d/t ? vascular structure involvement
Fomepizol- inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase
Esthosuximide
Vertebrobasilar arteries
Define Complex Febrile Seizures
Infantile spasms presentation
? type of tremor does MS present w/
Multiple seizures during same febrile illness, >15min or have a focal component
D/t tuberous sclerosis- hysarrhythmia on EEG; Tx: ACTH, steroids, benzos
Intention: worsens w/ movement, worse as approaching target; No tremor at rest
Best test to confirm DVT presence
Indications for dialysis
Tumor lysis syndrome lab results
Compression US
K ≥6 Uric acid ≥10, SrCr ≥10, Phos ≥10
Hyper-uricemia, phosphatemia, kalemia
Hypo-Ca
How do TCA ODs present
What EKG finding aids w/ Dx
How are PTs Tx and what is c/i
Blockage of fast Na channels causing QRS widening w/ anticholinergic effects
Terminal R wave in aVR
Tx: Diazepam, NA Bicarb if QRS >100ms, NS w/ pressors
C/i: phenytoin
Infants will have ? normal EKG abnormality
Viral meningitis lab results
How are bacterial vs fungal etiology differed by lab results
RAD w/ RVH
WBC: 500-2k, Low/N glucose, N/Inc Protein
Bacterial WBC: >1000 w/ neutrophils
Fungal WBCs: 10-1K
Presence of even ? cell in CSF lab results is abnormal and indicates ?
TIA induced by carotid stenosis is anticoagulated by ?
Define Anterior/Central/Brown cord syndrome
Eosinophil, Parasitic infection
ASA
Ant: flexion injury- lost motor, temp, pain; preserved proprioception, vibration
Central: sensory and motor deficit Upper > Lower
Brown: Ipsilateral MVP loss, contralateral Pain/temp loss
Status epilepticus Tx
? condition occurs after bilateral interfacetal dislocations
? memories are preserved in dementia
Loraza/Diaz-epam, Midazolam
Phentyoin/Valproic/Levetiracetam
-barbital/Propofol
Complete cord transection
Remote
Mini mental exam assesses ? 3 things
MC type of migraine aura
Prophylaxis for tension HAs
Orientation Memory Attention
Visual
Verapamil
How is meningitis Tx
How is Listeria meningitis Tx
How is Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus first ID’d and how is it Tx
Vanc + Ceftriax
Vanc Ceftriax and Ampicillin
Urinary urgency- early on
Shunt placement- gait Sxs most improved
MCC of aseptic meningitis
MCC of encephalitis
What part of the brain is MC involved and how are Pts Tx
Coxsacie, Echovirus
HSV-1
Temporal and inferior frontal- IV Acyclovir
Sequence of Tx for Status Epilepticus
Anterior Cord Syndrome
Benzo Pheytoin Phenobarbitol
ANT couldn't walk to bathroom in TeePee, he peed his pants when bladder busted w/ flexion Lower extremity motor deficit Temp/Pain loss Bladder dysfunction Flexion injury
Central Cord Syndrome
Maleficent developed frostbite when she extended hand touched cold window panes, couldn’t put shawl on w/ weak hands
Extension injury
Loss of pain/temp
Upper>Lower extremity
Shawl distribution
AKA Syringomyelia?
