ClinLab 3 Quizlet Flashcards
What is the standard for collecting blood cultures?
1 set= 1 aerobic, 1 anaerobic bottle, different sites/time, no more than 4 sets in 24 hrs
What kind of sample should be collected if there is suspected bacteremia, endocarditis, or sepsis?
Blood culture
A throat swab is primarily done to look for which organism?
Group A streptococcal pharyngitis
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
A nasopharyngeal swab is primarily done to look for what organism?
MRSA
If you are culturing one of these organisms from respiratory swabs, you will need special media
Bordatella
Corynbacterium
Neisseria
Critical or Panic Values
Organisms in CSF or joint fluids, positive cryptococcal antigens, positive AFB smear, positive blood cultures, positive CSF cultures, isolation of M. tuberculosis, positive eye cultures P. aeruginosa or Bacillus, positive blood films for Plasmodium, or isolation of E. coli O157:H7
Diagnosis of viral respiratory infections, measles, C trachomatis pneumonia in infants, diphtheria, and pertussis are done by which collection method?
Nasopharyngeal aspirates, washings, and swab specimens
Suspected pneumonia is diagnosed by which sample collection methods?
Sputum and tracheal aspirates (first morning sputum is best)
What are the three main culprits for bacterial diarrhea?
Salmonella
Shigella
Campylobacter
What are the most prevalent drug resistant organisms?
Acinetobacter baumannii
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
MRSA
Which immunoglobulin will be present during a current infection (acute and convalescent) and a previous exposure, and can result due to having an infection or the vaccination?
IgG
A 4-fold increase in a titer indicates what?
Acute infection
If a day 5 titer reads 1:4 and then the day 12 titer reads 1:64, what does that indicate?
Primary response
Which type of Hepatitis is mostly chronic due to timing of catching the infection?
Hepatitis C
Which type of hepatitis is transmitted by the fecal-oral route, and is self-limiting so it does not result in chronic infection or liver disease?
Hepatitis A
What serum marker will turn negative in an acute Hep B infection with the development of Anti-HBs, but will remain consistently positive in a chronic infection?
HBsAg
What does the presence of Anti-HBs indicate?
HBV infection or vaccination
What serum marker comes from a portion of the viral core and shows the HBV is replicating actively and is infectious?
HBeAg
What does the presence of HBV DNA in the blood indicate and what is it used for?
Active infection (acute or chronic) used to monitor viral load
What serum marker for Hep B quickly degenerates in serum and is not measurably detectable?
HBcAg
What is the screening tool for Hep C?
EIA Assay
What is the confirmatory test for Hep C?
RIBA
What is the criteria for uncomplicated cystitis?
Healthy woman (over age 12), non-pregnant, no fever, nausea, vomiting, or flank pain and diagnosed by dipstick
What is the criteria for complicated cystitis?
Females w/ comorbidites
All males
Catheters/Hospitals
(May need urinalysis and culture)