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IPAP > PPP ROSH- IDz > Flashcards

PPP ROSH- IDz Flashcards

1
Q

PPD reaction size results

A 
≥5mm:
Transplant, organ
\+HIV
Active TB contact
Nodular/fibrotic CXR changes
≥10mm:
Peds <4y/o
High risk employee/resident
Immigrant <5yrs
Lab personnel
IVDA

≥15mm:
No TB Rfs

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2
Q

MCC of cellulitis

How is this Tx

When does P jirovecci prophylaxis start

A

Staph/Strep

1st Gen Cephalosporin (Cephalexin) x 5-7d

CD4 <200

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3
Q

How is an opportunistic infection from Crypto Tx

MCC of pneumonia in adults

MC viral cause of rhabdo

A

Amphotericin B w/ Flucytosine

Influenza

Influenza

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4
Q

Syphilis microbe name

Three painless genital lesion etiologies

Two painful genital lesion etiologies

A

Treponema pallidum

Primary Syphillis- T pallidum
Lymphogranuoma- Chlamydia trach.
Granuloma inguinale- Klebsiella granuloma

Chancroid- H ducreyi
Herpes- HSV

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5
Q

Primary Histo presents like ? while chronic Histo presents like ?

How are Pts Tx

How is Syphilis Tx and w/ ? reaction seen

A

Flu, TB

Amphotericin

PCN G: Jarisch Herxheimer- F/HA, myalgia

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6
Q

MC rabid animal in US

MC rabid animal in world

How does congential CMV present and how is it Tx

A

Bats

Dog

Dec suck, small, microcephaly w/ SNHL, Blue-Berry muffin baby; IV Ganciclovir or PO Valganciclovir

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7
Q

Lyme Dz rash presentation

What reaction is seen after ABX initiation

What lab results are seen w/ Mono

A

Slower than cellulitis, expanding erythematous macule w/ central clearing and sharp borders that blanches w/ pressure

Jarish Herxheimer reaction

Significant lymphocytosis

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8
Q

MCC of infectious cervicitis

Best method to test for Dx

What PE finding suggests Trichomiasis and ? is the Tx

A

G/C

NAAT

Strawberry cervix- Metronidazole or Tinidazole 2g PO

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9
Q

What is the Tx for Post-herpetic Neuralgia

What causes RMSF

What are the MC presenting Sxs and how are PTs Tx

A

TCA, Pregabalin, Gabapentin

Rickettsia rickettsii from Dog/Wood Ticks

Fever HA Mylagia; Doxy/Chloramphenicol

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10
Q

How is RMSF Dx

What causes Chagas Dz

How is this Tx

A

PCR then Indirect fluorescent Ab

Reduviid bug carrying Trypanosoma cruzi or from blood transfusions

Nifurtimox, Benznidazole

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11
Q

What causes false-pos TSTs

What causes Lyme Dz

How is this Tx in pregnancy

A

Prior infection w/ non-TB mycobacteria, BCG vaccine

Spirochette Borrelia burgdorferi from Ixodes tick

Cefuroxime axetil (2nd Gen)

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12
Q

What causes syphilis

What is used for Tx

How are Pts w/ Tertiary Syphilis Tx

A

Treponema pallidum

PCN G benzathine, Doxy, Ceftriax

Weekly IM PCN BG x 3wks

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13
Q

How are Pts w/ PCN allergy Tx for Tertiary syphillis

How is Latent TB tx in Pts w/ liver dz

MOA of Rifampin

A

Desensitization then PCN (2* Syph Tx: Doxy, Erythromycin)

Rifampin x 4mon w/ f/u qmon for hepatitis

Inhibits RNA synthesis/transcription

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14
Q

What lab marker is used to track the progression of acute rheumatic fever

Major Jones Criteria

What are the minor Jones criteria

A

ESR/CRP

Two major or One major, Two minor:
Joint involvement
Oh no, carditis
Nodules, SQ
Erythema marginatum
Sydenham chorea
CRP inc
Arthralgia 
Fever
ESR inc
Prolonged PR
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15
Q

Where are the SQ nodules of rheumatic fever found

TMP alternatives for HIV Pts

Meds used to Tx hairy leukoplakia

A

Non-tender pea size along extensor surface of wrist, elbow, knee

Dapson, Atovaquone, Pentamidine

A/G-ciclovir, Foscarnet

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16
Q

Opportunistic HIV infections at CD4 levels

Any

<250
<200
<100
<50

A

A: Kaposi P-TB Zoster Pneumonia Lymphoma

250: esophageal candidiasis, HSV, Coccidio
200: PCP pneumonia, PML
100: Cerebral toxoplasmosis HIV encephalopathy Crytpo Miliary TB
50: CMV retinitis, Myco avium complex

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17
Q

What syndrome develops w/ bacterial meningitis

How is bacterial meningitis Tx

What E+ disturbance and lab result is seen w/ RMSF

A

Waterhouse Friderichsen- bilateral adrenal hemorrhage and septicemia

Ceftriax

HypoNa, Thrombocytopenia

18
Q

4 criteria for Dx of BV

MOA of botulism

What can be used for Tx

A

Grey/White d/c
Clue cells
pH >4.5
Fishy odor on KOH

Inhibits Ach release at pre-synaptic cleft

> 1y/o: equine serum botulism antitoxin
<1y/o: human derived immune globulin

19
Q

How is Pertussis Tx

How is mastitis Tx

How is Cholera Tx

A

Azithromycin, TMP-SMX

Dicloxocillin

Fluids w/ Doxy, Cipro; Preg/Peds- Azith

20
Q

How is Lyme Dz Tx

Genital warts are called ?

Syphillis cutaneous growths are called ?

A

Doxy, Preg- Amoxicillin

Condylomata accuminata

Condylomata lata

21
Q

Fe overdose can lead to infection d/t ? microbe

Chelation agent for Fe

What is the MCC of infectious diarhea in AIDS PTx

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

Deferasirox > Deferoxamine- IV only, causes ‘vin rose’ red urine

Crypto when CD4 <100

22
Q

Define Behcet Syndrome

What meds are used for Sx control

? STD has high co-infection rate w/ HIV

A

Recurring genital/PO ulcers w/ relapsing uveitis

CCS

Treponema pallidum

23
Q

Traveler’s Diarrhea is MCC by ? and is Tx w/ ?

Infectious diarrhea after eating dirty vegetables

Tetanus poisoning presentation

A

ETEC, Azithromycin (or Rifaximin)

Salmonella enterica. Tx: Cipro

Descending spasms d/t clostridium spores leading to dec GABA release, lock jaw (risus sardonicus), dysphagia, opisthotonos (rigid spasms); Tx; benzos, opioids, metronidazole

24
Q

Ascariasis infection Tx

What part of the body do these infect

+HIV w/ herpetic whitlow are Tx w/ ?

A

Albendazole

Ileum

Acyclovir

25
Q

How is Lyme Dz in CNS Tx

Infection mimicking B12 deficiency

MC Sxs of acute HIV infection

A

Ceftriaxone

Diphyllobothriasis latum

Fever Malaise Myalgia Rash Sore throat

26
Q

How is genital herpes Dx confirmed w/ lab work

How is malaria Dx

? forms have fevers every other/third day

A

Viral culture

Thick/Thin smears

Other: Vivax, Ovale, Faciparum
Third: Milariae

27
Q

? causes elephantitis

? pathognomonic hair manifestation occurs in Pts w/ 2* Syphillis

Define Sporotrichosis

A

Filariasis- parasitic dz caused by Wuchereria/Brugia nematodes carried by Black Fly

Moth-eaten alopecia

Landscape/Garden exposure to Sporothrix schenckii causing suppurating SQ nodules along lymph channels; Tx- Itraconazole/Amphotericin

28
Q

When is Mumps most fatal during pregnancy

What will lab results show in Pts w/ Lyme Dz induced meningitis

How are non-immunized Pts prophylactically Tx for tetanus

A

First trimester

Lymphocytic pleocytosis w/ elevated protein

Tetanus immune globulin

29
Q

Age cut off for DTap vs TDaP

What is the only true c/i to receiving the immunization

What causes 5th Dz

A

D: <7y/o, T: >7y/o

Hx of neurologic/severe hypersensitivity reaction to previous dose

Erythema infectiosum d/t Parvovirus B19- Slapped cheek w/ circumoral pallor and lace-like reticulated rash; Tx: support

30
Q

? OTC med can be used for HSV-1 outbreaks to reduce Sx/time

? is the primary manifestation of early Lyme Dz

MC precipitating infection of erythema multiform

A

Docosanol

Erythema migrans

HSV

31
Q

How is G/C Tx

Triad presentation of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

What other c/c will SOME Pts have

A

Ceftriax IM x 1, Doxy BID x 7days

Ipsilateral facial paralysis
Ear pain w/ EAC vesicles

Lost sweet taste, Tinnitus/hyper acusis, Dec tears and Vertigo

32
Q

Define Taenia Solium

What 3 c/c can Pts present w/

How is this Tx

A

Pork tapeworm- tropical areas w/ under cooked pork ingestion, travels to brain causing neurocysticercosis

New onset seizure
Obstructive hydrocephalus
Ring enhanced lesion on CT

Albendazole

33
Q

What vitamin deficiency can be seen in Peds w/ Chronic Ascariasis

How to Tx Latent TB in order

What are the 3 C’s of Measles

A

Vitamin A

1st: Rifampin daily x 4mon
2nd: INH daily x 9mon

Rubeola- Cough Coryza Conjunctivitis

34
Q

MC complication from Measles

MC cause of mortality from Measles

Criteria for Systemic Inflammatory Response

A

Diarrhea

Pneumonia

HR >90 Temp >100.4 RR >20/min WBC >12K or <4K

35
Q

? blood type puts Pts at risk for severe Cholera

MC helminthe infection in USA and Tx

Previously Tx syphillis will have ? positive lab result and is not useful for Dx

A

O pos

Enterobius vermicularis- pinworms; -bendazole, Pyrantel pamoate

Fluorescent treponemal Ab absorption

36
Q

Alternative for Pts allergic to B-lactam ABX

Highest transmission of HIV is from ?

What post-exposure prophylaxis is sued

A

Clinda > Azith

Receptive anal from HIV pos

Triple therapy: Tenofovir, Emtricitabine, and Rategravir or Dolutegravir

37
Q

? image is ordered for retrophrayngeal abscesses

What causes Cat Scratch Fever

How does this present and how is it Tx

A

CT w/ contrast

Bartonella henslae

Axillary adenopathy; Azithromycin > Rifampin/TMP/Cipro

38
Q

MCC of meningitis in adults

? anti-parasitic is used to Tx schistosomiasis

How often should homosexual men be screened for HIV

A

Strep pneumo

Praziquantel

Annually

39
Q

Viral meningitis lab results

Starting doxy w/in ? hrs of tick removal reduces likelihood of contracting Lyme Dz

Infectious Shigella causes ? diarrhea Dx and is Tx w/ ?

A

WBCs 25-2K Protein: normal, Glucose: low/normal

<72hrs

Dysentery w/ Azithromycin

40
Q

Spelunkers are at risk for ? fungal infection

MC neuropathy d/t Lyme Dz is ?

How does Ehrlichiosis present and how is it Tx

A

Histoplasmosis

CN7 palsy

Abrupt fever, HA, myalgia, shaking chills; Doxy or Rifampin

41
Q

How does Disseminated gonorrhea present

How is this Tx

MC CNS infection in Pts w/ AIDS

A

Arthritis-Dermatitis Syndrome: pustule/vesicle w/ erythematous halo

Ceftriaxone

Cerebral toxoplasmosis w/ CD4 <100, ring enhanced lesions w/ edema; Tx: Sulfadiazine and Pyrimethamine

42
Q

What can cause false-pos RPR test

German Measles is AKA ? and appears as ?

Exanthem subitum is AKA ? and caused by ?

A

Autoimmune dz

Rubella- macuopapular rash from head to foot, fades in 3 days w/ post-cervical and auricular adenopathy 5-10 days prior to rash

Roseola- HHV-6

IPAP (212 decks)

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