PPP ROSH- IDz Flashcards by brandon lovin

PPD reaction size results

≥5mm:
Transplant, organ
\+HIV
Active TB contact
Nodular/fibrotic CXR changes

≥10mm:
Peds <4y/o
High risk employee/resident
Immigrant <5yrs
Lab personnel
IVDA

≥15mm:
No TB Rfs

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MCC of cellulitis

How is this Tx

When does P jirovecci prophylaxis start

Staph/Strep

1st Gen Cephalosporin (Cephalexin) x 5-7d

CD4 <200

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How is an opportunistic infection from Crypto Tx

MCC of pneumonia in adults

MC viral cause of rhabdo

Amphotericin B w/ Flucytosine

Influenza

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Syphilis microbe name

Three painless genital lesion etiologies

Two painful genital lesion etiologies

Treponema pallidum

Primary Syphillis- T pallidum
Lymphogranuoma- Chlamydia trach.
Granuloma inguinale- Klebsiella granuloma

Chancroid- H ducreyi
Herpes- HSV

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Primary Histo presents like ? while chronic Histo presents like ?

How are Pts Tx

How is Syphilis Tx and w/ ? reaction seen

Flu, TB

Amphotericin

PCN G: Jarisch Herxheimer- F/HA, myalgia

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MC rabid animal in US

MC rabid animal in world

How does congential CMV present and how is it Tx

Bats

Dog

Dec suck, small, microcephaly w/ SNHL, Blue-Berry muffin baby; IV Ganciclovir or PO Valganciclovir

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Lyme Dz rash presentation

What reaction is seen after ABX initiation

What lab results are seen w/ Mono

Slower than cellulitis, expanding erythematous macule w/ central clearing and sharp borders that blanches w/ pressure

Jarish Herxheimer reaction

Significant lymphocytosis

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MCC of infectious cervicitis

Best method to test for Dx

What PE finding suggests Trichomiasis and ? is the Tx

G/C

NAAT

Strawberry cervix- Metronidazole or Tinidazole 2g PO

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What is the Tx for Post-herpetic Neuralgia

What causes RMSF

What are the MC presenting Sxs and how are PTs Tx

TCA, Pregabalin, Gabapentin

Rickettsia rickettsii from Dog/Wood Ticks

Fever HA Mylagia; Doxy/Chloramphenicol

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How is RMSF Dx

What causes Chagas Dz

How is this Tx

PCR then Indirect fluorescent Ab

Reduviid bug carrying Trypanosoma cruzi or from blood transfusions

Nifurtimox, Benznidazole

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What causes false-pos TSTs

What causes Lyme Dz

How is this Tx in pregnancy

Prior infection w/ non-TB mycobacteria, BCG vaccine

Spirochette Borrelia burgdorferi from Ixodes tick

Cefuroxime axetil (2nd Gen)

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What causes syphilis

What is used for Tx

How are Pts w/ Tertiary Syphilis Tx

Treponema pallidum

PCN G benzathine, Doxy, Ceftriax

Weekly IM PCN BG x 3wks

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How are Pts w/ PCN allergy Tx for Tertiary syphillis

How is Latent TB tx in Pts w/ liver dz

MOA of Rifampin

Desensitization then PCN (2* Syph Tx: Doxy, Erythromycin)

Rifampin x 4mon w/ f/u qmon for hepatitis

Inhibits RNA synthesis/transcription

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What lab marker is used to track the progression of acute rheumatic fever

Major Jones Criteria

What are the minor Jones criteria

ESR/CRP

Two major or One major, Two minor:
Joint involvement
Oh no, carditis
Nodules, SQ
Erythema marginatum
Sydenham chorea

CRP inc
Arthralgia 
Fever
ESR inc
Prolonged PR

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Where are the SQ nodules of rheumatic fever found

TMP alternatives for HIV Pts

Meds used to Tx hairy leukoplakia

Non-tender pea size along extensor surface of wrist, elbow, knee

Dapson, Atovaquone, Pentamidine

A/G-ciclovir, Foscarnet

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Opportunistic HIV infections at CD4 levels

Any

<250
<200
<100
<50

A: Kaposi P-TB Zoster Pneumonia Lymphoma

250: esophageal candidiasis, HSV, Coccidio
200: PCP pneumonia, PML
100: Cerebral toxoplasmosis HIV encephalopathy Crytpo Miliary TB
50: CMV retinitis, Myco avium complex

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What syndrome develops w/ bacterial meningitis

How is bacterial meningitis Tx

What E+ disturbance and lab result is seen w/ RMSF

Waterhouse Friderichsen- bilateral adrenal hemorrhage and septicemia

Ceftriax

HypoNa, Thrombocytopenia

4 criteria for Dx of BV

MOA of botulism

What can be used for Tx

Grey/White d/c
Clue cells
pH >4.5
Fishy odor on KOH

Inhibits Ach release at pre-synaptic cleft

> 1y/o: equine serum botulism antitoxin
<1y/o: human derived immune globulin

How is Pertussis Tx

How is mastitis Tx

How is Cholera Tx

Azithromycin, TMP-SMX

Dicloxocillin

Fluids w/ Doxy, Cipro; Preg/Peds- Azith

How is Lyme Dz Tx

Genital warts are called ?

Syphillis cutaneous growths are called ?

Doxy, Preg- Amoxicillin

Condylomata accuminata

Condylomata lata

Fe overdose can lead to infection d/t ? microbe

Chelation agent for Fe

What is the MCC of infectious diarhea in AIDS PTx

Yersinia enterocolitica

Deferasirox > Deferoxamine- IV only, causes ‘vin rose’ red urine

Crypto when CD4 <100

Define Behcet Syndrome

What meds are used for Sx control

? STD has high co-infection rate w/ HIV

Recurring genital/PO ulcers w/ relapsing uveitis

CCS

Treponema pallidum

Traveler’s Diarrhea is MCC by ? and is Tx w/ ?

Infectious diarrhea after eating dirty vegetables

Tetanus poisoning presentation

ETEC, Azithromycin (or Rifaximin)

Salmonella enterica. Tx: Cipro

Descending spasms d/t clostridium spores leading to dec GABA release, lock jaw (risus sardonicus), dysphagia, opisthotonos (rigid spasms); Tx; benzos, opioids, metronidazole

Ascariasis infection Tx

What part of the body do these infect

+HIV w/ herpetic whitlow are Tx w/ ?

Albendazole

Ileum

Acyclovir

How is Lyme Dz in CNS Tx Infection mimicking B12 deficiency MC Sxs of acute HIV infection

Ceftriaxone Diphyllobothriasis latum Fever Malaise Myalgia Rash Sore throat

How is genital herpes Dx confirmed w/ lab work How is malaria Dx ? forms have fevers every other/third day

Viral culture Thick/Thin smears Other: Vivax, Ovale, Faciparum Third: Milariae

? causes elephantitis ? pathognomonic hair manifestation occurs in Pts w/ 2* Syphillis Define Sporotrichosis

Filariasis- parasitic dz caused by Wuchereria/Brugia nematodes carried by Black Fly Moth-eaten alopecia Landscape/Garden exposure to Sporothrix schenckii causing suppurating SQ nodules along lymph channels; Tx- Itraconazole/Amphotericin

When is Mumps most fatal during pregnancy What will lab results show in Pts w/ Lyme Dz induced meningitis How are non-immunized Pts prophylactically Tx for tetanus

First trimester Lymphocytic pleocytosis w/ elevated protein Tetanus immune globulin

Age cut off for DTap vs TDaP What is the only true c/i to receiving the immunization What causes 5th Dz

D: <7y/o, T: >7y/o Hx of neurologic/severe hypersensitivity reaction to previous dose Erythema infectiosum d/t Parvovirus B19- Slapped cheek w/ circumoral pallor and lace-like reticulated rash; Tx: support

? OTC med can be used for HSV-1 outbreaks to reduce Sx/time ? is the primary manifestation of early Lyme Dz MC precipitating infection of erythema multiform

Docosanol Erythema migrans HSV

How is G/C Tx Triad presentation of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome What other c/c will SOME Pts have

Ceftriax IM x 1, Doxy BID x 7days Ipsilateral facial paralysis Ear pain w/ EAC vesicles Lost sweet taste, Tinnitus/hyper acusis, Dec tears and Vertigo

# Define Taenia Solium What 3 c/c can Pts present w/ How is this Tx

Pork tapeworm- tropical areas w/ under cooked pork ingestion, travels to brain causing neurocysticercosis New onset seizure Obstructive hydrocephalus Ring enhanced lesion on CT Albendazole

What vitamin deficiency can be seen in Peds w/ Chronic Ascariasis How to Tx Latent TB in order What are the 3 C's of Measles

Vitamin A 1st: Rifampin daily x 4mon 2nd: INH daily x 9mon Rubeola- Cough Coryza Conjunctivitis

MC complication from Measles MC cause of mortality from Measles Criteria for Systemic Inflammatory Response

Diarrhea Pneumonia HR >90 Temp >100.4 RR >20/min WBC >12K or <4K

? blood type puts Pts at risk for severe Cholera MC helminthe infection in USA and Tx Previously Tx syphillis will have ? positive lab result and is not useful for Dx

O pos Enterobius vermicularis- pinworms; -bendazole, Pyrantel pamoate Fluorescent treponemal Ab absorption

Alternative for Pts allergic to B-lactam ABX Highest transmission of HIV is from ? What post-exposure prophylaxis is sued

Clinda > Azith Receptive anal from HIV pos Triple therapy: Tenofovir, Emtricitabine, and Rategravir or Dolutegravir

? image is ordered for retrophrayngeal abscesses What causes Cat Scratch Fever How does this present and how is it Tx

CT w/ contrast Bartonella henslae Axillary adenopathy; Azithromycin > Rifampin/TMP/Cipro

MCC of meningitis in adults ? anti-parasitic is used to Tx schistosomiasis How often should homosexual men be screened for HIV

Strep pneumo Praziquantel Annually

Viral meningitis lab results Starting doxy w/in ? hrs of tick removal reduces likelihood of contracting Lyme Dz Infectious Shigella causes ? diarrhea Dx and is Tx w/ ?

WBCs 25-2K Protein: normal, Glucose: low/normal <72hrs Dysentery w/ Azithromycin

Spelunkers are at risk for ? fungal infection MC neuropathy d/t Lyme Dz is ? How does Ehrlichiosis present and how is it Tx

Histoplasmosis CN7 palsy Abrupt fever, HA, myalgia, shaking chills; Doxy or Rifampin

How does Disseminated gonorrhea present How is this Tx MC CNS infection in Pts w/ AIDS

Arthritis-Dermatitis Syndrome: pustule/vesicle w/ erythematous halo Ceftriaxone Cerebral toxoplasmosis w/ CD4 <100, ring enhanced lesions w/ edema; Tx: Sulfadiazine and Pyrimethamine

What can cause false-pos RPR test German Measles is AKA ? and appears as ? Exanthem subitum is AKA ? and caused by ?

Autoimmune dz Rubella- macuopapular rash from head to foot, fades in 3 days w/ post-cervical and auricular adenopathy 5-10 days prior to rash Roseola- HHV-6