Med Hx/Terminology Flashcards
Ambi
Both sides
Con-
Together
Dys-
Bad pain difficult
Homeo-
Likeness same
Idio-
Individual
Nulli-
None, nulliparous
Andr/o-
Male, men
Anis/o-
Unequal
Arthr/o-
Joint
Ather/o-
Fatty
Blephar/o-
Palpebr/o
eyelid
Arche-
beginning
Dipsia-
thirst
Cholecyst-
gallbladder
Cheil-
lips (cheilitis, inflamed lips)
Melan/o-
black (melanoma, black tumor)
Oma-
tumor
Lysis-
destruction/paralysis
Lithiasis-
presence/formation of stones
Lexia-
reading
Polysomnography-
sleep study
Thoracentesis-
surgical drainage of pleural cavity
Hydronephrosis-
abnormal dilation of renal pelvis from accumulated urine
Arthroscopy-
visual exam of interior joint
Diagnosis of colon cancer and will need surgical removal of the colon with a permanent hole in the abdomen for drainage into a bag
Colostomy
Inflammation of the kidneys is called?
Nephritis
Enlarged heart, but that this can be a normal finding in well-conditioned athletes
Cardiomegaly
Surgical removal of uterus along with ovaries
Oophorectomy
Chronic inflammation of her uterine tubes
Salpingitis
Recording of the electrical activity of the heart
Electrocardiogram
Cells gives the red color to the blood
Erythrocytes
Inflammation of veins is termed?
Phlebitis
A tumor of blood vessels
Hemangioma
Neuropathy
a noninflammatory disease of nerves
meningomyelocele
herniation of both protective membranes and spinal cord
procedures involves injecting a radioactive element into a patient’s vein that may mark the presence of a tumor
A brain scan with MRI having the highest resolution
Baby is born without a brain
Anencephalic
Tumor of the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord
Meningioma
PT suddenly has difficulty speaking and her right arm feels stiff and weak. After four hours, she has complete return of normal speech and movement. What has occurred?
Transient ischemic attack
Abnormal or lack of development of part of the spinal cord is termed?
Myelodysplasia
Introduction of a fiberoptic instrument through the abdominal wall for diagnostic purposes
Laparoscopy
Surgical removal of an inflamed gallbladder containing stones
Cholecystectomy
Procedure to crush stones but retain the organ
Cholelithotripsy
Degeneration of the liver
Cirrhosis
Guaiac test is used to determine presence of?
Blood in the stool
Proctoscopic exams the ?
Rectum
PT from a car accident has a swollen belly and the surgeon suspects bleeding into the abdomen. He/she will puncture the belly and drain any fluid looking for blood. This procedure is termed?
Abdominocentesis
If I have GERD, I have?
Severe ‘heartburn’
Surgically creates a passageway between the gallbladder duct to the intestine.
Cholangioenterostomy
Coughing up blood from the lungs
Hemoptysis
A patient with a foreign body trapped in a lung passageway would be a candidate for which of the following procedures
Bronchoscopy
Difficult or painful to take deep breaths
Dyspnea
A special procedure to examine the blood vessels of the lungs by X-ray is called?
Pulmonary angiography
Temporary opening cut into the trachea
Tracheostomy
PT may not void urine for a period of time, because the kidneys have stopped producing urine
Anuria
Kidney “stone” is termed ?
Nephrolithiasis
Removing a kidney stone
Nephrolithotomy
Scanty or less than normal urine formation
Oliguria
Surgical fixation or return and attachment of a kidney dislodged during an auto accident would be termed?
Nephropexy
Azot/o-
nitrogenous compounds (azotemia)
Ankyl/o-
stiffness, bent, crooked
Spondy/o-
vertebrae
Chrom/o
color
Menorrhagia
abnormal heavy/long period
Metrorrhagia
irregular bleeding between menses
Oligomenorrhea
abnormal light/infrequent periods
Dysmenorrhea
cramps/painful period
Amenorrhea
absence of period in woman of reproductive age
Surgical repair of hypospadias using the foreskin of the head of the penis would be termed?
Balanoplasty
Cancer of the testicle usually requires its surgical removal. This procedure is termed
Orchidectomy
A hydrocele defines
Clear fluid filled sac partially surrounding the testis
The surgical procedure performed to relieve partial obstruction of the male urethra due to an enlarged gland at the base of the bladder is called a?
TURP
Cryptorchidism refers to
Undescended testicle (not in scrotum)
A male with testosterone deficiency may most likely be treated with which of the following agents to restore and maintain normal sexual function
Androgenic
Surgical implantation of an undescended testicle into the scrotum and anchoring it in its correct anatomical position is termed
Orchidopexy
Inflammation of the head of the penis is termed?
Balanitis
Hematosalpinx is a term describing?
Blood in a uterine tube
Surgical reconstruction of the vagina would be termed?
Colpoplasty
What is the term for painful, difficult or abnormal intercourse?
Dyspareunia
What is the term for surgical removal of the uterus, uterine tubes and ovaries?
Hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy
A woman who has two children, but had four pregnancies would be noted on her chart as?
Gravida 4, Para 2
Mammoplasty refers to?
Surgical reconstruction of a breast
Oligomenorrhea refers to?
Scanty, less than normal menstrual flow
Difficult, complicated, labor and delivery is termed?
Dystocia
A patient requires surgery to restore and reattach the uterus back in its normal anatomical position because of uterine prolapse into the vagina. This procedure is termed?
Hysteropexy
A herniation or prolapse of the urinary bladder into the vagina would be termed?
Colpocystocele
Medical terminology is based off of what language?
Latin, some Greek
Dead language that is universally understood
What are the three parts to a medical term?
Prefix
Root- base or stem
Suffix
Define Suffix
End of a root word to dictate a terms role in grammar.
Characteristics of Suffix
Dictate term’s role in grammar (noune, adjective)
Changes meaning of entire term but is translated first when defining a term without changing root’s meaning
Define Prefix
Attached to beginning of root word and changes meaning of entire term
Characteristics of Prefixes
Not required by every term and is never altered by the suffix
Typically added to indicated number, measurement, position, direction, negative and color
Named second after suffix
Define Word Root
Basic foundation of any medical term
Characteristics of Word Roots
Almost every term has one EXCEPTION- stand alone root words (lymph, cyan)
Typically joined by combining vowel- O, I E or Y
What part of a medical term never changes meaning?
Root
When combining roots to make more complex terms, they are usually joined by what vowels?
O or I
How are compound roots listed when describing anatomic organs?
Order of study or anatomic relationship
Greek Plurals of -on, -ma, -sis and -nx
- on = -a
- ma = -mata
- sis = -ses
- nx = -ges
Latin plurals of a, us, um, is, ex, ix, yx and ax?
- a = -ae
- us = -i
- um = -a
- is = -es
- ex = -ices
- ix = -ices
- yx = -ices
- ax = -aces
What happens for the provider before walking into a PTs room?
Start w/ DDx:
What can kill
Zebra
Most likely cause
What is the sequence of events during a PT encounter?
CC/HPI Meds/Allergies PMHx / SocHx / FamHx ROS PE Labs/Rads Consults Plan Prevention
3 characteristics of medicine as science?
Prolonged study of theoretical science
Observation
Reliability and reproducibility of tests
3 characteristics of medicine as art?
Interpretation of perception
Communication of ideas
Reliance on instinct
What is key to the delivery of good healthcare and achieving desireable outcomes?
Clinician-PT communication
What skill lies at the core of the art of medicine?
Interview skills
What are the four objectives of the medical interview?
Gather info about illness
Establish rapport- facilitates Dx/Tx, respnd to PT emotions
Instruct/educate- provide PT understanding of illness
Support/direct PT in treatment- motivate/inc compliance
What are the five clinician traits?
Objective Precise Sensitive Specific Reliable
Define and Characterize Objectivity
Objectivity- AKA accuracy/validity to remain unbiased and non-judgmental
Failure= poor relationship and misdiagnosis
Define and characterize Precision
AKA real value Distribution of observations around mean Precise is around mean Accuracy is around goal Imprecise is scattered
What’s the acronym/way to remember differences between accuracy and precision?
aCcurate is Correct
pRecise is Repeating