Micro Block 3

Question 1

Examples of PT w/ compromising/predisposing factors

Answer 1

Surgery
Immunoincompetence
Diabetic
Alcohol/drug use
Pregnancy

Question 2

What are the two modes of infection acquisition

Answer 2

Community

Hospital

Question 3

What are the geographic distribution/work environment considerations?

Answer 3

Insect vector
Farm/ranch
Construction work

Question 4

What are the 3 general factors to consider when determining a pathogen

Answer 4

Type of PT
Mode of infection acquisition
Geographic distribution/work environment

Question 5

All members of a genus will have the same ____ ____ morphology?

Answer 5

Gram Stain

Question 6

Stain, morphology and appearance of Staph. Aureus

Answer 6

Gram-pos cocci in clusters

Large, yellow beta hemolytic colony

Question 7

What two agents make up 90% of invasive tissue infections

Answer 7

Staph. Aureus

Group A streptococcus

Question 8

Staph Aureus is the etiologic agent of what invasive tissue infections?

Answer 8

Folliculitis
Furuncles
Cellulitis
Impetigo

Question 9

Define furuncles

Answer 9

deep seated infections in/around hair follicles w/ subcutaneous tissue involvement

Question 10

Wound/internal tissue infections (abscesses) are especially common after ____ and due to ______

Answer 10

Surgery or trauma

External contamination

Question 11

Difference between Furuncles, Cellulitis and Impetigo

Answer 11

Furuncle- deep infection
Cellulitis- spreads beneath the skin
Impetigo- superficial skin infection w/ small blisters followed by thin surface crusts

Question 12

Food poisoning is due to ingestion of what type of microbes?

Answer 12

Pre-formed, heat stable enterotoxin

Types A B C (SEB)

Question 13

Certain strains of bacteria produce enterotoxin when growing at what temp for what duration?

Answer 13

28*C x 2-4hrs

Question 14

What foods are commonly inhabited by food poisoning microbes?

Answer 14

Cooked/processed meat (especially ham)
Salads
Cream filled desserts

Question 15

Food poisoning S/Sx are what and develop in what time span?

Answer 15

N/V
Abdominal cramps
Watery diarrhea 2/in 1-6hrs
Lasts up to 24hrs

Question 16

Characteristics of Toxic Sock Syndrome Toxins, S/Sx and time for onset

Answer 16

Plasmid mediated, causes massive unregulated stimulation of the immune system

Acute illness w/ fever, rash, hypotension, skin desquamation (1-2 weeks after onset)

Question 17

When are tests for Toxin Shock Syndrome toxins performed?

Answer 17

Usually not performed in routine microbiology labs

Question 18

Define Scalded Skin Syndrome and who it affects

Answer 18

Exfoliatin toxins

Causes Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in children younger than 5yrs

Question 19

S/Sx of Scalded Skin Syndrome

Answer 19

Localized red rash
Conjunctivitis/URI
Large, flaccid bullae that burst and peel sheets of epidermis off to reveal “scalded” dermis

Question 20

How are bacteria recovered from Scalded Skin Syndrome patients?

Answer 20

Only from the initial infection

Not recovered from bullae

Question 21

Define septicemia/bacteremia

Answer 21

Bloodstream infection resulting from deep, poorly draining infections
Typically life threatening w/out rapid ABX intervention

Question 22

Define bone/joint infection

Answer 22

Osteomyelitis
Septic arthritis

Following device implantation or trauma

Question 23

Lower respiratory and lung abscess infections occur in _% of pneumonia

Answer 23

2%

Usually follow viral respiratory infections or in PTs w/ altered host defenses

Question 24

What accounts for 75% of Toxic Shock Syndrome?

What are the causes of TSS in men/non-menstruating women?

Answer 24

Highly absorbent tampons (75%)
Absorption of fluids causes change in microbe growth environment which changes host-microbe dynamics

Focal or surgical wound infections