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IPAP > Pharm 2 > Flashcards

Pharm 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Criteria for HTN

A

SBP +130
DBP +80
Taking Anti-HTN med

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2
Q

ISH criteria

A

SBP +140 and DBP -90

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3
Q

Humoral factors of TPR

A 
Constrictors:
Catecholamine
Angiotensin 2
Thromboxanes
Leukotrienes
Endothelin

Dilator:
Prostaglandin
Kinin
NO

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4
Q

Definitional function of Diuretic

A

Lower BP by depleting body of Na and reducing volume

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5
Q

Definitional function of Anti-adrenergic Agent

A 
Inhibits cardiac function (dec CO)
Reduce PVR (dec CO)
Increase venous pooling
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6
Q

Definitional function of Direct Vasodilators

A

Reduce BP by relaxing SM and dilate PVR

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7
Q

Definitional function of blocking production/action of angiotensin?

A

Reduce PVR and blood volume

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8
Q

Where do Acetazolamide elicit it’s function on the kidney?

A

Between glomerulus and PCT

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9
Q

Where do Osmotic Diuretics (Mannitol) elicit it’s function on the kidney?

A

Descending LoH

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10
Q

Where do Loop Diuretics (Furosemide) elicit it’s function on the kidney?

A

Ascending LoH

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11
Q

Where do K Spring elicit it’s function on the kidney?

A

CD

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12
Q

What has been shown to be the best tolerated HTN treatment class?

A

Diuretics

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13
Q

Diuretics are more effective at reducing BP when combined with?

A

ACEI

ARB

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14
Q

ACEIs reduce Angiotensin 2 which then causes a reduction in what five things?

A 
HANAS
Vascular SM
Aldosterone synthesis/release
Na reabsorption
HR
ADH release
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15
Q

Where is bradykinin found?

It is involved in the production of what two dilators?

A

Lungs
Smooth muscles
Blood vessels

NO and prostaglandins

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16
Q

ACEIs are used with PTs that have what five compelling indicators?

A

SC PHD

DM w/ protein
Post MI
HF
Stroke Hx
High CAD risk
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17
Q

ACEIs have reduced efficacy in African Americans but can become equally for all races/ethnicity efficient when combined with ?

A

CCB

Diuretic

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18
Q

What are the three clinical features/uses of ACEIs?

A

HTN
AfAm HTN
Renal insufficiency, reduces glomerular pressure

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19
Q

What is the Renal Trifecta of ACEIs?

A

Diuretics- inc Scr
NSAIDs- inc constriction in afferent arteriole
ACEI/ARBs- dilates efferent arteriole

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20
Q

Big two different side effects of DRI than other HTN meds?

A

Diarrhea

Sulfonamide component

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21
Q

DRI interactions include what 3?

A

ARB/ACEI
NSAID
Lithium

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22
Q

A1s are not used for monotherapy or first step therapy but can be combined with?

A

Diuretic
BB
ACEIs

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23
Q

Three big side effects of A1 blockers?

A

First dose syncope
Reflex tachycardia
Inhibited ejaculation

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24
Q

Which A1 blocker is more likely to cause edema in the PT and should be given with a diuretic?

A

Prazosin

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25
Q

A2 agonists work best when combined with one of two meds

A

Alternate MOA (diuretic and ACEI)

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26
Q 
A2 agonist clonidine should be carefully used or avoided with what PTs?
Should not be used with what class of med?
A

Geriatrics or depressed

TCA antidepressants

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27
Q

Acronym for remembering the clinical uses of B Blockers?

A

MASH CH MPG

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28
Q

Where are B2 receptors found and what kind of stimulation causes what type of response?

A

Bronchial tree, skeletal muscle, vessels, kidney liver

\+ = dilation and inc blood glucose
- = restriction and dec blood glucose
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29
Q

Cardioselective (B1) BBs have less of an effect on what two PT issues?

A

Asthma

DM

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30
Q

When are ISAs considered?

BB ISAs should be avoided in what type of PT emergency?

A

PT needing BB but experience brady w/ normal BBs

MI

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31
Q

Two low lipid solubility BBs

Two high lipid solubility

A

Low- Aten, Nado

High- Biso, Propran

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32
Q

BBs cautions acronym

A 
DADS Love Sex
DM
Asthma
Drug withdrawl
Sex dysf.
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33
Q

BBs will have interactions with ? four?

A

B agonists
Non-DHP CCBs
NSAIDs
Clonidine

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34
Q

Adverse effects of Mixed A1, NonSpec B

They should be used with caution in what 2?

A

Bradycardia
Hypotension
Caution: DM, bronchospastic Dzs

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35
Q

Which B1 blocker is for ophthalmics?

What NonSel is for ophthalmics?

A

Betax

Tim

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36
Q

Caution using Reserpine in what two cases?

A

Asthma

Parkinsons

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37
Q

What type of CCB is more specific for the heart?

A

Non-DHP

DHP may cause compensative tachcardia

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38
Q

What type of PT are Non-DHPs preferred in?

A

Fast HR

Rate control in A-fib who can’t tolerate BBs

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39
Q

Three uses of Verapamil?

A

Angina
Supra V-tach
Migraine/Cluster prophylaxis

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40
Q

What situation is Diltiazem used in?

A

Supra V-Tach (dec rate in A-fib/flutter)

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41
Q

CCBs are useful in PTs with what five predisposing issues?

A 
PAADS
PVD
Asthma
Angina
DM
Specific Arrhythmia
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42
Q

CCBs are used widely in what three situations?

A

HTN
ISH
More efficacious in AfAm HTN

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43
Q

CCBs should not be given during HF with what exception?

A

Amlodipine

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44
Q

DHPs have what adverse effects?

Non-DHPs have what adverse effects?

A

Peripheral Edema HOTN
Nife- gingival hypertrophy

Bradycardia
Constipation

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45
Q

CCBs have what drug interactions?

A

Digoxin

BBs

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46
Q

What type of CCB can be combined with BBs?

A

DHP

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47
Q

DAVs are most effective when combined with what two classes?

A

Diuretics

BBs/sympatholytic agents

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48
Q

What are two adverse events that can happen from DAVs?

A

Inc plasma renin= Na/water retention

Angina pectoris/MI/CF from reflex cardiac stimulation

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49
Q

When is Hydralazine used?

A

Triple failure
HTN emergency
Pregnancy Class C

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50
Q

What med combinations are used to treat HTN and HF in AfAm PTs?

A

Hydralazine and Nitrates

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51
Q

When is Minoxidil used?

A

Max dose Hydralazine ineffective

PTs w/ renal failure and HTN that don’t respond to Hydralazine

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52
Q

Elevated BP criteria
Stage 1 HTN criteria
Stage 2 HTN criteria

A 
E= 120-129/<80
1= 130-139/80-89
2= +140/+90
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53
Q

ASCVD is defined as Hx of what six issues?

A 
MI
Un/Stable angina
Coronary revascularization
Stroke
TIA of atherosclerotic origin
PAD
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54
Q

What equation is used to estimate a 10yr ASCVD risk?

ASCVD risk calculator is used to assess the need for ?

A

Pooled Cohort Equation

Statin therapy

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55
Q

First line treatment of HTN includes what four classes?

A

Thiazides
CCBs
ACEIs
ARBs

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56
Q

Black PT with HTN but NO HF/CKD/DM have an initial anti-htn plan that includes ?

A

Thiazide

CCB

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57
Q

What are the first line classes of Anti-HTN used for DM HTN?

A

Diuretic
ACEIs
ARBs
CCBs

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58
Q

Adults that have stroke/TIA should have treatment from what four classes?

A

Thiazides
ACEIs
ARBs
Thiazide/ACEI combo

NOT CCBs

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59
Q

S/Sx of HTN Urgency?

A

Severe HA
SOB
Epistaxis
Anxiety

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60
Q

Criteria and time goal for HTN Urgency

A

SBP +180/DBP +120 w/out end organ damage
Reduction over 24-48hrs w/ oral meds
Reduce MAP by no more than 25% in first 24hrs
Clonidine, Captopril, Labetalol

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61
Q

Criteria and time goals for HTN Emergency

A

SBP + 180/ DBP +120 with evidence of end organ damage with parenternal meds
WITHOUT Compelling Conditions:
MAP reduced by no more than 25% in first hours
To 160/100 within 2-6hrs
To normal in 24-48hrs

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62
Q

HTN Emergency includes PTs at risk for imminent CV events that include three cases?

A

Severe HTN
Stroke
Intracranial aneurysm

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63
Q

What are the HTN Emergency drugs?

A

Dilators: Nitro, Na Nitro, Hydralazine*, Fenoldapam
ACEI: Enalaprilat
CCB: Nicardipine, Clevidipine
Adrenergic Inhibs: Esmolol, Labetalol

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64
Q

Nitroglycerine is the DOC in PTs with what four conditions?

A

Ischemic HD
MI
HTN after bypass
Acute pulmonary edema

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65
Q

What is considered the preferred agent to decrease preload in PTs with pulmonary congestion?

A

Nitroglycerine

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66
Q

What are the 3 adverse effects from Nitroglycerine?

A

HA/N/V and Inc ICP
Methemoglobinemia- Ferric Fe3
PCV absorption

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67
Q

Na Nitropursside is used in what type of ADHF?

A

Warm and Wet

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68
Q

What is the DOC for most HTN and Emergencies?

What are the three exceptions?

A

Sodium Nitroprusside
Except:
CKD, Hepatic Failure, Aortic Dissection

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69
Q

What drug is used for inpatient management of short term severe HTN?

A

Fenoldopam

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70
Q

Nicardipine is used in PTs with what types of issues?

A 
Intracerebral hemorrhage
Acute ischemic stroke
HTN encephalopathy
Pre/Eclampsia
Acute RF
Sympathetic Crisis
Perioperative HTN
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71
Q

What drug has a long half life but contains a strong cerebral/coronary dilator effect?

A

Nicardipine

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72
Q

Enalaprilat use is avoided for PTs with what two issues?

A

DHF

Acute MI

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73
Q

When is Esmolol used?

A

Severe tachycardia
Inc CO
Severe post-op HTN

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74
Q

Esmolol use is avoided in PTs with what 3 issues?

A

DHF
BB
Bradycardia

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75
Q

What drug has no pharmacokinetic drug interaction due to being metabolized in RBCs?

A

Esmolol

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76
Q

When is Labetalol use preferred?

A 
CAD
Acute Dissection
End stage renal Dz
Acute intracerebral hemorrhage
Ischemic stroke
MI
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77
Q

Heart responds to increased demand in what 3 ways?

A

Chronotropy- inc rate
Inotropy- inc force
Pre/After Load

78
Q

Preload is determined by ?

After load is determined by?

A

Venous return and LV end diastolic volume

Ventricular wall tension and systemic VR

79
Q

CO equation
MAP equation
SBP is largely determined by ?
DBP is largely determined by?

A

CO= HR x SV
MAP= CO x SVR
CO
TPR

80
Q

Define Dystolic Dysfunction

Define Systolic Dysfunction

A

HRpEF- LVEF >50%

HRrEF- LVEF <40%

81
Q

What is the most frequent cause of HFrEF?

A

Ischemia or Blood Restriction
Ischemic HD- 50-60%
HTn 30-40%

82
Q

HFpEF is what type of heart issues?

HFrEF is what type of issue?

A

P= restricted ventricle filling from inc stiffness, M/T valve stenosis or pericardial Dz

R= dec contractility from dec mass, dilated myopathies or hypertrophy

83
Q

What are the eight Neuro-Hormones of HF?

A

Epi/NorEpi- constrict, contribute to remodeling
Angiotensin 2- constrict, stimulates remodeling
Aldosterone- retention, produces interstitial cardiac fibrosis
ADH- inc absorption, inc pressure
BNP- inc due to stretch response of ventricles
Endothelin- constrictor of coronary vessels
A-TNF- inflammatory cytokine
Bradykinin-

84
Q

Define Hypertonic

Define Hypotonic

A

per- outer Na concentration greater than insiide of cell

po= outter Na concentration is less than inside cell

85
Q

Define Tubular Reabsorption/Secretion

A

Absorb- nephrons return substances to blood, from lumen to blood in PCT and CD

Secrete- from blood to lumen to maintain acid/base balance in PCT

86
Q

Tubular reabsorption and secretion occurs where?

A

Nephron

87
Q

Kidneys receive __ % of CO and consume _& of total O2 intake

A

20-25%

7%

88
Q

What is the best overall index of kidney function?

A

GFR

Calculated from SCr using MDRD

89
Q

What is used to estimate GFR?

A

CrCl, estimated renal function based on a formula from 24hr collection
Tends to exceed true GFR by 10-20%

90
Q

Normal CrCl levels/

A

Normal: 90-140
Healthy male: 125
Healthy female: 125

91
Q

In what part of the kidney are organic solutes reabsorbed by specific transport systems?

A

PCT

60-70% of all Na is reabsorbed

92
Q

Organic acid and base secretory systems secrete waste products into what part of the kidney?

A

PCT

93
Q

What process happens in Desc LoH?

A

Water flows out due to outside osmolality is greater

Na is retained due to lack of active transporters here

94
Q

What process happens in the AscLoH?

A

Active reabsorption of Na K and Cl by NaK transporters

25-30% of Na reabosrbed here

95
Q

What type of effect do Loop Diuretics have in the LoH?

A

Inhibits co-transporter and reduces positive potential causing increased urine output of cations and NaCl

96
Q

What is the most efficacious of the diuretic class?

A

Loop

97
Q

What events occur in DCT?

A

10% of Na reabsorption

Ca reabsorption occurs here

98
Q

What types of drugs work in the CD?

A

Na channel blockers

Aldosterone antagonists

99
Q

ADH is AKA and made where?

Where do they elicit their effects on the kidney?

A

Arginine Vasopressine
Peptide hormone made in Posterior Pituitary

CD and vessels

100
Q

Activated collection ducts causes what effect?

Activation of vessels in kidneys cause?

A 
CD= less water in urine
Vessel= inc arterial pressure
101
Q

How does the body detect if if more water needs to be retained?

A

Hypothalamus senses Na changes in plasma

102
Q

What are the four mechanisms that regulate release of ADH

A

Hypovolemia
HOTN
Inc osmolality
Angiotensin 2

103
Q

Normal Serum Na levels
Hypertonic = ?
Hypotonic = ?

A

135-145
Hyper= +145
Nypo= -135

104
Q

What are the two clinical uses of CAIs?

What is the pharmacokinetic info of this?

A

Open Angle Glaucoma
Mtn Sickness

Total excretion by PCT

105
Q

What are two big adverse reactions of CAIs?

A

Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis

Stones- alkaline environment causes risks to increase 10x

106
Q

Contraindication, caution and interaction of CAI use?

A

Cirrhosis
COPD
Cyclosporine trough extension=nephro/neurotoxicit

107
Q

When are Osmotic Diuretics used?

A

Treatment of oliguric phase of acute RF

Reducing ICP

108
Q

Loop diuretic use can lead to possible drug interactions with what class?

A

NSAIDs

109
Q

What situations are Loop Diuretics used?

A

Acute pulmonary edema
Acute RF
HyperK/Ca
Anion OD

110
Q

What three types of PTs would Loop Diuretics not be used?

A

Anuric
Severe Electrolye disturbance
Sulfonamide sensitivity (Except Etharynic Acid)

111
Q

What are the adverse drug interactions when using Thiazides?

A

ACEIs
Digoxin
Lithium
NSAIDs

112
Q

Spironolactone is the diuretic of choice in ? PT types

A

Hepatic cirrhosis

Nephrotic syndrome

113
Q

Potassium sparing diuretics are contraindicated for PTs w/?

A

PUD

Pregnancy

114
Q

What are the five general cautions for diuretic therapies?

A 
Digitalis toxicity
Lithium toxicity
Hyperglycemia
Hyperuricemia
Allergic reactions
115
Q

Avoid starting BBs in PTs with what two conditions?

A

Volume overload

Recent decompensation

116
Q

BBs are added to PTs with HF when HF Sx are ____ and _____ and should not be prescribed to PTs w/ ?

A

Stable
Euvolemic

Not prescribed w/out diuretic to PT with Hx of fluid retention

117
Q

How fast are BBs in HF PTs increased and aimed to achieve target dose?

A

Increase every 2 wks

Aim to achieve @ 8-12wks

118
Q

What is a further/added benefit for HF PTs that are using Carvedilol?

A

Decreases SVR/afterload allowing for:

Improved LV function, exercise tolerance and NYHA classifications

119
Q

What are the Short and Intermediate goals of diuretic therapy?

A

Short: Dec JVD, pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema

Inter: dec Sx, Inc exercise tolerance

120
Q

What is the Goal of Diuretic Therapy?

A

Red/Eliminate S/Sx of fluid retention as assessed by JVD or edema

121
Q

Diuretics should be used in combo with what 3 classes?

A

ACEI
ARB
BB

122
Q

HF PT with fluid overload needs to have what issue taken care of first before addressing any other issues?

A

Overload relieved with diuretics

123
Q

When are Loop Diuretics best used?

A

Quick reduction of fluid overload
Short time frame
GFR below 30/kidney impaired

124
Q

What type of diuretic is best for mild reduction or regular management of HTN?

A

Thiazide/like

125
Q

What drug can be used and useful for absence seizures secondary acidosis?

A

Acetazolamide

126
Q

What is the DOC for lithium induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

A

Triamterene

127
Q

What type of diuretic is reserved and used as an add-on therapy for HF PTs refractory to loops?

A

Thiazide/Like

128
Q

What are the four loop diuretics?

A

Bumetanide
Furosemide
Torsemide
Ethacrynic Acid

129
Q

What is a clinical benefit of K Sparing diuretics?

A

CHF benefits

Inhibits cardiac remodeling

130
Q

Potassium sparing diuretics should be used in combo with what drugs?

A

ACEIs/ARB

BBs

131
Q

Potassium sparing diuretics are recommended for PTs with what specific type of HF?

A

Class 2-4
Stage C w/ LVEF 35% or less
Class 2 should have Hx of CV hospitalization or inc BNP levels

132
Q

Spironolactone is a potent inhibitor of what protein?

Eplerenone is metabolized by which pathway?

A

P-glycoprotein

CYP3A4

133
Q

Ionotropic agents are mostly used in the treatment of ____ with the exception of ____

A

ADHF

Digoxin

134
Q

Long term use of positive inotropics may be harmful thus are not recommended for PTs that have ?
With ? exception

A

HF Sx and reduced LVEF

Palliation for PTs w/ end-stage Dz who can’t be stabilized with standard treatment

135
Q

Digoxin can be beneficial at reducing hospitalizations in PTs with ? HF
Not recommended for ? use?

A

HFrEF

Ventricular rate control in HF

136
Q

What is the antidote for Digoxin?

A

Digoxin Immune FAB

137
Q

Dopamine is generally avoided in treatment of ADHF except for when?

A

Systemic HOTN

Cardiogenic shock

138
Q

What inotropic agent drug has no adrenergic effect allowing it to be useful in PTs using BBs?

A

Milrinone

139
Q

Two similarities between HF ACEI, ARBs, BBs, and Aldosterone Antagonists

A

Dec morbidity

Dec hospitalization

140
Q

Define Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure

A

Indirect estimate of L atrial pressure
Norm: 8-12
CHF optimal: less than 18

141
Q

How is Cardiac Index determined?

A

CI=CO/BSA

Determined by HR and SV

142
Q

Cilostazol inhibits phosphodiesterase 3, which is the same MOA as what other drug?

A

Milrinone

143
Q

How do drug interactions occur in the kidneys with PTs on Loop Diuretics?

A

Prostaglandins synth’d in kidney inhibits Na/ADH in CD

NSAIDs w/ Loop= interfered activity

144
Q

What is the sequence of Loops from highest to lowest risk of ototoxicity?

A

Ethacrynic Acid
Furosemide
Bumetanide
Torsemide

145
Q

What type of diuretic may be beneficial in treating kidney stones?

A

Thiazides

Used in hypercalciuria to unmask hyperCa from other causes

146
Q

What diuretic can be used as an ADH substitute for Diabetes Insipidus PTs?

A

Thiazides

147
Q

How long does it take for Thiazide HTN effects and diuretic effects to set in?

A

HTN: 1-3 wks
Diuretic: immediately

148
Q

What drugs can be used for intracranial bleeding?

A

First- Nimo

Second- Nicar

149
Q

What are the baroreceptors of the body and where are they located?

A

Juxtoglomerluar

Afferent

150
Q

Decreased CO causes what results?

A

Inc Pre/Afterload
SNS acivation
RAAS activation
Ventricular hypertrophy

151
Q

Signs of HF?

A 
Rales
Edema
S3 gallop
Cool extremeties
JVD
BNP
152
Q

All PTs with HFrEF and any Sx are recommended to be on ?

A

ACEIs, BBs

Long term combo- BB and diuretic

153
Q

PTs with LVentricular dysfunction bu NO Sx of HF need to receive?

A

ACEI

154
Q

What are the adverse effects of ACEIs and ARBs?

A 
Taste
Cough/Angioedema
HOTN
Hyper K 
Inc SrCr
155
Q

What do ACEI PTs need to be monitored for?

A

K
SrCr
BUN
Baseline and 2wks

156
Q

ACIEs and ARBs interact w/ ? drugs?

A

K sparing diuretics
K supplements
Renal trifecta

157
Q

What class of med has proven to be superior to ACEI at HF doses?

A

ARBs

158
Q

When is Sacu/Val prescribed?

A

Reduce CV death and hospitalization for HF in PTs with Class 2-4HF
Alternate to ACEI/ARB
Only studied w/ EF <35%

159
Q

What are the contraindications of Sacu/Val?

A

Angioedema from previous ACEI/ARB
Conjunction with ACEI
Aliskiren in PTs with DM

160
Q

What are the adverse effects of Sacu/Val?

A

HOTN
Hyper K
Cough/Dizzy
RF

161
Q

What interactions will Sacu/Val have with other drugs?

A 
ACEIs
Aliskiren in DM PTs
ARBs
NSAIDs- renal impairments
Lithium toxicity
162
Q

Sacu/Val needs to be used in conjunction with?

A

K sparing diuretic
K supplements
Na substitute

163
Q

What type of HF PTs are BBs given to?

A

2 or 3 B/C/D

Even if Asymptomatic/mild-mod

164
Q

BB precautions for HF PTs?

A

DM
Asthma
Lipids
Withdrawls

165
Q

Adverse effects of BB in HF PTs?

A 
HOTN
Dizzy
Bradycardia
Fatigue
Sex Dysfuntion
166
Q

What are the 3 BB HF meds?

A

Carvedilol- mised BB that dec SVR after load (better than metoprolol)
Meto/Biso- B1 sel

167
Q

All PTs w/ Sx of HF receive ? med class?

A

Diuretic

IF evidence/Hx of retention is present

168
Q

Diuretics in HF Pts should be used in ? combo?

A

ACEI/ARB

BB

169
Q

Loop diuretic ceiling effects from small to large

A

F, T, B

170
Q

What happens if HF PT has diuretic resistance?

A

Inc dose before frequency
IV
Second Diuretic with different MOA

171
Q

Using Eplerenone and Spironolactone for HF PTs has what benefits?

A

Eliminates catecholamine potentiation
Dec BP
Blocks fibrotic actions on heart

172
Q

What type of diuretic reduced M/M in PTs after MI w/ LVEF <40% w/ HF Sx and Diabetes

A

K sparing

173
Q

Loop diuretics are specifically recommended in ? HF PT?

A 
2-4
Stage C w/ HFrEF below 35%
Stage 2 needs inc BNP or hospitalization record
CrCl>30
K<5
174
Q

Drug interaction sof K Sparing diuretics?

A

ACEIs, ARBs

CYP3A4 w/ eplerenone

175
Q

When is Hydralazine used for HF?

A

Added to ACEIs and BB in AfAM w/ Class 3 or 4 HF

PT w/ Sx HFrEF and intolerant to ACE/ARB

176
Q

How does Hydralazine and Isosorbide work together?

A

H- arterial dilator and enhances nitrate effect

I- stims nitric acid signaling, relaxes SM and reduces preload

177
Q

Side effects of Na Prusside?

A

HOTN
Cyanide
Inc ICP

178
Q

Nesiritide needs to be used with what adjunct?

A

Diuretic

179
Q

Adverse effects of Nesiritide?

A

HOTN

Renal impairment- azotemia

180
Q

When are inotropic agents allowed for long term use?

A

Palliation for PTs with end stage Dz who are unstabled with standard meds

181
Q

Benefits of Digoxin

A

Inc force w/out inc O2 consumption
Imp Sx, exercise
NONE on mortality

182
Q

When is Digoxin used in HF theapy?

A

Added to Diuretic, ACE/ARB, and BB for HF Sx

183
Q

PTs on Digoxin need ? monitored?

A

ECG
Levels
SrE+
Urea, N, Creatinine

184
Q

When is Dobutamine used?

What may develop after use?

A

Sel B1 w/ Small A1 and B2 for PTs unresponsive to dopamine for severe HF
Tachyplhylaxis

185
Q

Adverse effects of Milrinone?

A

Arrhythmia
HOTN
Thrombocytopenia

186
Q

When is Dobutamine considered?

When is Milrinone considered?

A

HOTN

PT on BB

187
Q

HF recommendations fo NSAIDS, Corticosteroids, Non-DHPs, Minoxidil

A

Avoid
Lowest dose for shortest time
Only Amlodipine- angina and HTN from HF
Avoid

188
Q

Avoid Metformin in HF Classes?

A

3 or 4

189
Q

Recommendation for HF and Thiazolidinediones?

A

Avoid Piog/Rosig in 3 and 4

190
Q

HF recommendation for DPP-4 inhibitor?

A

Caution with saxagliptin

191
Q

Avoid Class 1 and 3 anti-arrhythmics in HF PTs w/ ? exceptions?

A

Amiodarone
Dofetilide
Sotalol

192
Q

What is Cilostazol used for?

A

Claudication pain by inhib PDE3

Dont use in HF PTs

IPAP (212 decks)

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