EMED US Cram Flashcards
What probe is used during RUQ views?
Which way is the marker pointing?
Phased array
PTs head
What probe is used during LUQ views?
Which way is the marker pointing?
Phased array
PTs head, knuckles to bed
What probe is used during subxyphoid views?
Which way is the marker pointing?
Phased array
Alt: PSL w/ phased array, marker PTs L hip
PTs R
What probe is used during bladder views?
Which way is the marker pointing?
Phased array
Transverse: PTs R
Sagittal: PTs head
What probe is used during lung views?
Which way is the marker pointing?
Linear probe
PTs head
What probe is used during cardiac US views?
Which way is the marker pointing?
Phased array
Subxyphoid- PTs R PSL: PTs L hip PSS: PT R hip A4C: PTs R hip, probe on PMI IVC: PTs head
How to assess respiratory variation on cardiac US
What probe is used during AAA
IVC M-mode
Curvilinear
Transverse- PTs R
Sagittal- PTs head
Transverse AAA US gets ? info
Sagittal AAA US gets ? info
Prox, Mid, Distal measurement
Video only
What probe is used during ocular US
Which way is the marker pointing?
Linear transducer
Transverse: PTs R
Sagittal: PTs head
ONSD is measured __MM from the retina
Normal is __?
Inc measurement indicates ?
3mm
<5mm
> 5mm= inc ICP >20mmHG
What probe is used during DVT US
Which way is the marker pointing
Linear
Curvilinear if obese
PTs R
Which probe is used during MSK US
Which way does the probe point?
Linear
Long axis: PTs R
Short axis: PTs head
What does EFAST stand for
What part of the EFAST may be called ‘dynamic imaging process’?
Extended Focused Assessment w/ Sonography in Trauma
RUQ
What transducer is used and where for PTx investigation
US disadvantages
Linear- sagittal plane 3-4 ICS
Upright- MCL at apex
Dependent Obese
Heme/Ascites Retro space
EFAST can detect fluids in ? four locations
Define Hepatorenal recess
Hemopericardium
Hemoperitoneum
Hem/pneumothorax
Morrison’s pouch
Why is Morrison’s pouch the first window acquired?
What makes fluids stand out quicker on the L side?
R pericolic gutter deeper from
Morrison pouch to pelvis
Splenocolic ligament- prevents fluid from flowing freely
If there is fluid in the thorax what will be seen on US during the RUQ exam
What is Beck’s Triad
Spine sign- fluid allows waves to spine
Normally- air disperses waves, prevents visualization
HOTN Muffled heart JVD
What valve is in center image during PSL
What is the next step for PTs if they lose VS due to tamponades
Anterior leaflet MV
Thoracotomy- crack the chest
What is the next step for PTs w/ cardiac tamponades but stable VS?
Sliding lungs produce ? sign
Thoracentesis
Seashore
Absence of lung sliding produces what signs?
What sign alternates between seashore and stratosphere sign?
Stratosphere/barcode
Lung point w/ M-mode
____ + ____= confidence of no PTx
What finding increases suspicion of PTx
Lung slide + B-lines
Horizontal reverberation artifacts (A-lines)
Z-lines are ___echoic and arise from
What finding represent interstitial fluid and may be searched for in HF PTs
Hyper, pleural interface
B-lines- more than 2 start to become pathologic
Presence of ___ is 100% specific for a ___ PTx
What do the Sky, Ocean and Beach indicate
Lung point
Occult
Sky: soft tissue
Ocean: pleura
Beach: motion artifact* lost during PTx
What is the alternate view to the Subxyphoid view
Subcostal view is best for viewing/assessing ?
PSL
PEs
IVC size/collapse (sagittal)
EF estimation
Cardiac in/activity
Parasternal view is best for viewing/assessing ?
PSL is best for ?
Cardiac in/activity
EF estimation
E-point measurement
Valve motion
Apical four chamber view is best for viewing/assessing ?
PSA views allows what 4 images to be captures
Chamber size
EF estimation
Base/AV MV Papillary Apex
Mercedes Fish
What is the advantages of placing PT in LLD for A4C view
This view is better for assessing ?
Removes lung artifacts
Heart closer to chest wall
LV function/size
What would cause RV to be larger than LV on apical A4C view
Define Apical Wink
R heart strain- PE
A4C view w/ flutter at apex/top of screen- suggests PE
Hypokinesis of RV free wall
What are the 5 views done during cardiac US and which way is marker facing
What structure runs over the SMA
What structure is in between the SMA and Aorta
Sub-X: R PSL: L hip PSS: R hip A4C: R hip on PMI IVC: head
Splenic vein heading to IVC
LRV
What is the earliest hypovolemic sign seen on A4C view
Systolic RA collapse
