Pharm 2: Block 2 Flashcards
What are the Sxs and how long do they have to last to Dx Allergic Rhinitis
What are the two types of Rhinitis Sxs
Two or more consecutive days for more than 1hr
Acute- Object, Infection, Hormones, Drugs
Chronic- Allergic (Intermittent/Persistent) Nonallergic (NARES, Anatomis)
Define Allergic Rhinitis
Nearly half of the PTs will also have ? and more than half will have ?
IgE mediated respiratory Dz w/ inflamed membranes with one or more of: Sneeze, Itch, Rhinorrhea, Congestion
Asthma, Chronic Sinusitis
What are the 5 main categories of IgE triggers
What are the Early Phase responders that are present within 5-15m after exposure
Mold, Pollen, Mites, Dander, Insect allergens
5m: degranulation- histamine, protease
15m: neosynthesis
What are the late phase reactants that are present 3-12hrs after exposure?
What are the different Sxs between the Early and Late reactants?
Eosinophil, Basophil, Monocyte, Lymphocyte
Early- Congestion, Rhinorrhea, Pruritis, Sneezing
Late- Congestion, Rhinorrhea, Sneezing
What are some Sxs that can be seen on exam for Allergic Rhinitis
What are the two older classifications of Allergic Rhinitis
Allergic shiners
Dennie Morgan lines
Allergic salute/nasal crease
Seasonal- Hay Fever, Outdoor allergens
Perennial- Indoor allergens, year round mainly from dust mites
What are the newer classifications for Allergic Rhinitis
What is the mainstay of treatment?
Frequency- intermittent/persistent
Severity- mild, mod, severe
Avoidance, focus on bedroom
Why are 2nd Gen Anti-His preferred over 1st?
Of all the delivery routes, which ones has the highest efficacy?
Less sedation
Intranasal
Other than decongestion, Pheylephrine is used for what two things?
What is the key ingredient of Meth that has required federal sale limitation?
Hemorrhoids, Opthalmic preps for eye redness
Pseuodophedrine
If PT develops Rhinits Medicamentosa, what can be used to decrease nasal irritation?
What is the limit on Pseudoephedrine sales?
NS
3.6g daily
9gm monthly
What are the Dz states that are sensitive to adrenergic stimulation and should be cautious when using decongestants?
Coronary Heart, Thyroid Dz HTN DM Narrow Angle Glaucoma BPH
What is the benefit of taking PO Phenylephrine
What are the 1st and 2nd Gen Anti-Histamine combos
More sympathomimetic selective= minimal CV s/e but concern for CADz PTs
Brompheniramine + PE
Carbinoxamine + PE
Chlorpheniramine + PE
Cetirizine + PSE
Fexofenadine + PSE
Loratidine + PSE
What is the relation between Intranasal Steroids bioavailability and their consequence of growth suppression?
Higher avail= higher suppression
What is the Triad for Allergic Conjunctivitis
What’s the difference between Visine LR, Visine Original and Visine A?
Itching, Redness, Chemosis
LR- active ingredient is Oxymetazoline
OG= active ingredient is Tetrahydrozoline
A= Naphazoline
What is the only ocular steroid approved for seasonal allergic conjunctivits?
How was this drug modified to make this possible?
Loteprednol
Lack ketone on C-20 to be converted to metabolite that has minimal absorption and s/e
AKA soft/smart steroid
After applying eye drops keep eyes closed for _min and don’t apply another drop for at least _ min
2-3min
5min
