Passmed Questions: Neurological Questions

Question 1

What are the motor function tests assessing?

Answer 1

Corticospinal tract.

Question 2

What is cauda equina syndrome?

Answer 2

Damage occurs to the L3-L5 nerve roots and results in the loss of sensation in the perinanal region of S2-S4.

Question 3

What is the afferent part of the corneal reflex?

Answer 3

Opthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve

Question 4

What is the efferent part of the corneal reflex?

Answer 4

Facial nerve

Question 5

Damage to the lateral geniculate nucleus

Answer 5

Vision loss

Question 6

Damage to the medial geniculate nucleus

Answer 6

Hearing impairment

Question 7

What is the cause of vertical Diplopia?

Answer 7

Issue with the trochlear nerve for superior oblique, causing double vision when looking down.

Question 8

What is the cause of horizontal diplopia?

Answer 8

Issue with abducens nerve that innervates the lateral rectus.

Question 9

Features of CNIX lesion

Answer 9

Dysphagia, dry mouth, hoarse voice and ear pain.

—> CNIX innervates middle ear sensation, gag reflex afferent branch and oropharyngeal and parotid gland.

Question 10

Which side do cranial nerve injuries appear?

Answer 10

Ipsilateral

Question 11

How does an oculomotor lesion present?

Answer 11

Down and out eye
Pupil is fixed and dilated
Ptosis (loss of function to levator palpabrae superioris

Question 12

What are the structures which pass through the foramen ovale?

Answer 12

OVALE
Otic ganglion
V3: MANDIBULAR NERVE
Accessory menigneal artery
L: lesser petrosal nerve
E: emissary veins

Question 13

Innervation to brachioradialis?

Answer 13

Radial nerve

-> musculocutaneous innervates all biceps muscles excluding brachioradialis, which is part of extensor compartment of forearm.

Question 14

What is the cause of a dilated fixed pupil with no other findings?

Answer 14

CN III lesion of the oculomotor.

Question 15

Cause of hearing normal sounds very loud

Answer 15

Damage to facial or mandibular nerve which innervate the stapedius muscle and tensor tympani for the acoustic reflex

Question 16

What is the innervation for erection?

Answer 16

Parasympathetic system for ‘point’

Question 17

What is the innervation for ejaculation?

Answer 17

Sympathetic system for ‘shoot’

Question 18

What is the innervation to the angle of the jaw?

Answer 18

Greater auricular nerve

Question 19

What do the sacral spinal nerves?

Answer 19

S2,S3 and S4 which innervates th bowel functions, sexual function and bladder.

Question 20

Lesion in cranial nerve 5

Answer 20

Deviation towards the side of the lesion

Question 21

Which cranial nerve is involved in the light and accommodation reaction?

Answer 21

Oculomotor nerve

Question 22

Which nerve lies beneath the biceps femoris?

Answer 22

Common peroneal nerve

Question 23

Which nerves pass through the internal acoustic meatus?

Answer 23

Facial and vestibulocochlear nerve.

Question 24

Which nerve passes through the jugular foramen?

Answer 24

Glosspharyngeal nerve, Vagus nerve and spinal accessory nerve.

Question 25

Middle shaft fracture to the humerus affects which nerve?

Answer 25

Radial nerve