Anatomy of pelvis Flashcards
What are the muscles of the pelvic floor?
Piriformis
Coccygeus
Levator ani
Obturator internus
What are the components of the levator ani?
Iliococcygeus
Pubococcygeus
Puborectalis
-> These attach to the perineal body
What is the function of the iliococcygeus?
Supports the abdominal viscera
What is the perineum?
Structure located beneath the pelvic diaphragm, which is divided into a urogenital triangle and an anal triangle between the anus and the genitals.
What is the perineal body?
Located between the anus and vagina/penis bulb, for the insertion of:
—>Levator ani
—>External anal sphincter
—> Perineal muscles.
What is the perineal membrane?
Located beneath the pelvic diaphragm and contains the:
Urethral orifice
Vaginal orifice
Where is the ischial anal fossa located?
Between ischial tuberosity and the anal canal
What is the ischiocavernosus muscle?
Muscle which is responsible for erection and is located most laterally, giving rise to:
Clitoris in women
Penis in men
What is the bulbospongiosus muscle?
Surrounds the external anal sphincter in the urogenital triangle and gives rise to:
Bulbs of vestibule in women
What is the blood supply to the perinuem?
Internal pudendal artery, a branch of the internal iliac artery which lies beneath the inferior gluteal artery.
Which structures support the pelvis?
Utero sacral ligaments
Cardinal ligament
Levator ani muscles
-> One or all of these muscles are damaged in pelvic organ prolapse?
What is the utero sacral ligament?
Connects the uterus to the saccrum of the pelvis.
What is the cardinal ligament?
Contains the ovarian vessels.
Whic ligament contains the ovarian vessels?
Suspensory ligament, which contains the ovarian artery, vein and nerve plexus.
What is the major blood supply to the breast?
Internal thoracic artery, from the subclavian artery
