Block 12 Formative Feedback Flashcards
Which nerve innervates the levator palpabrae superior is?
Oculomotor nerve
What is mydriasis?
Constriction of pupil
What is bitemporal hemanopia?
Half of vision is affected on each side, due to lesion of the optic chiasm.
Damage to visual field
Occurs due to lesion in the optic tract, lateral geniculate nucleus or the visual cortex
Contralateral vision loss
Ipsilateral vision loss
Optic nerve lesion
Vision loss with macular sparing
Visual cortex lesion due to bilateral representation of macular on both cortex.
What is the macula?
Region in the retina for colour vision and fine detail. It is supplied by the posterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery.
What is the superior tarsal muscle?
Maintains elevation of eyelid, innervated by the sympathetic chain.
Which system is responsible for mydriasis?
Sympathetic chain via dilator pupillae
Innervation to stapedius muscle
Facial nerve
What is Cauda Equina Syndrome?
Cauda equine syndrome involves cord compression and produces bilateral symptoms both sensory sacrum, perineum and motors defect to the lower limbs
Causes loss of anal tone, perianal sensation and lower limb paresis
Which cranial nerves are Ipsilateral?
All of them excluding trochlear nerve
Which cranial nerve is contralateral?
Trochlear nerve, innervating the superior oblique.
Cause of subarachnoid haemorrhage?
Berry aneurysm
Bone conduction is better than air conduction
Conductive hearing loss
Air conduction is better than bone conduction
Sensineural hearing loss
With vertigo: vestibulocochlear damage
Without vertigo: hair cell damage
Which ganglion controls the pupillary reflex?
Ciliary ganglion via the Edinger-Westphalia nucleus of parasympathetic system.
What is the cause of a lump inferolateral to pubic tubercle?
Femoral canal herniation
What is the cause of a lump superolateral to pubic tubercle?
Inguinal hernia
What is indirect inguinal hernia?
Present at birth, through deep and superficial inguinal ring
What is direct inguinal hernia?
Over time through transversalis fascia of Hasselbach’s triangle
What are the structures in the femoral canal lateral to media?
NAVEL
Femoral nerve
Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Empty space
Lymphatics
Which artery passes between the 1st and 2nd metatarsal?
Dorsalis pedis artery
What is posterior to the medial malleolus?
Tarsal tunnel so:
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Posterior tibia artery nad Tibial nerve
Flexor hallucis longus
Which nerve is injured in loss of extension to MCP?
Extensor muscles are lost, so radial nerve injury
What doe C5 and C6 myotome control?
Biceps reflex
What is the control of triceps reflex?
C7
What is the sensation to medial border of forearm?
C8
What is the control of muscles of hand?
C8 and t1
Dinner fork deformity
Colles fracture affecting distal radius
What is the cause of dislociation elbow in children?
Slipping of RADIUS out of ANNULAR ligament
What is the origin of hamstring muscles?
Ischial tubersoity.
What courses droppping of the left pelvis?
Lack of support from gluteal muscles on RIGHT side due to RIGHT superior gluteal nerve injury
