Block 9 Formative Feedback

Question 1

Dengue fever

Answer 1

Closely related to malaria, greatest incidence in the tropics transmitted via biting insects.

Question 2

How is papilloma virus transmitted?

Answer 2

Skin contact and inanimate objects

Question 3

Rotavirus

Answer 3

Most common cause of severe diarrhoea in children, with faeco-oral transmission.

Question 4

What is the cause of Kaposi’s sarcoma?

Answer 4

Human Herpes Virus 8

Question 5

What type of disease is caused by Epstein-Barr virus?

Answer 5

Burkitt’s lymphoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

2-3 week incubation period, through saliva

Question 6

Rubella

Answer 6

German measles Viral illness which causes a macular rash, lymphadenopathy and joint pain.

Question 7

Lyme disease

Answer 7

Transmitted via ticks which presents as a red erythema migrans rash of a bullseye which expands.

Question 8

Hodgkin’s disease

Answer 8

Cancer of the lymphatic system, characterised by Reed-Sternberg lymphocytes. It can occur in the upper body and neck

Question 9

What is a Reed Sternberg lymphocytes?

Answer 9

Large abnormal lymphocytes which are a hallmark of Hodgkin’s lymphoma and multiple nuclei

Question 10

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Answer 10

Cancer cells of the lymph nodes which is more common and can arise anywhere in the body

Question 11

Risk of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Answer 11

Elderly male that are immunocompromised

Question 12

Virchow’s node

Answer 12

Left supraclavicular lymph node which indicates gastrointestinal malignancy.

Question 13

Entamoeba histolytica

Answer 13

Parasite which causes dysentery and liver abscess

Question 14

Which vaccine is given to pregnant women at risk?

Answer 14

4 in 1 vaccine: Diptheria, tetanus, pertussis and polio

Question 15

What vaccine is provided to infants?

Answer 15

6 in 1 vaccine for diptheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, Hep B and hameophilius influenzae type B

This is at 8 weeks old
12 weeks old
16 weeks old

Question 16

Purpose of Breast cancer screening

Answer 16

Detect cancer at early stage using X-rays when they are too small to see

Question 17

Bowel cancer screening

Answer 17

Faecal immunochemical test to detect bowel cancer via faecal calprotectin

Question 18

What cancer excluding lung cancer is caused by occupational exposure?

Answer 18

Working with industrial chemicals and dyes increases risk of bladder cancer.

Question 19

Oral contraceptives reduce risk of…

Answer 19

Ovarian cancer

Question 20

Common consequence of aneurysm

Answer 20

Local thrombosis

Question 21

Mycobacterial infections

Answer 21

Cell wall is thicker

Question 22

Central cyanosis

Answer 22

Sign of severe respiratory failure which affects the tongue and lips

Question 23

Fibrinous pleurisy

Answer 23

Inflammation of the pleura which can occur due to penumonia

Question 24

Polymorph leukocytosis

Answer 24

Increased levels of WBC due to infection

Question 25

How is oestrogen formed from androgen?

Answer 25

Action of aromatase from androgen-> oestrogen

Question 26

Plasma protein electrophoresis

Answer 26

Separates proteins based on electrical charge to detect M proteins for myeloma. Implicated by B cells

Question 27

Treatment of systemic anti-fungal infection

Answer 27

Fluconazole

Question 28

Component of fungi cell membrane

Answer 28

Chitin

Question 29

Feature of breast cancerous lump

Answer 29

Skin tethering

Question 30

What is Virchow’s node?

Answer 30

Enlargement of the left supraclavicular lymph node which indicates gastric cancer.

Question 31

Which parasite causes dysentery and liver abscess?

Answer 31

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 32

What is the cause of rubor?

Answer 32

Redness due to hyperaemia

Question 33

What is tumor in inflammation?

Answer 33

Swelling due to fluid exudation and hyperaemia

Question 34

What is dolor?

Answer 34

Pain due to bradykinina and prostaglandin.

Question 35

What is the most common cause of embolism?

Answer 35

Thrombus

Question 36

How is negative sense RNA replicated?

Answer 36

Transcribed using viral polymerase into a positive sense RNA, which is a type of mRNA that can immediately undergo translation.

Question 37

Which viruses perform transcription?

Answer 37

DNA viruses such as herpes, adenovirus, Hep b

Question 38

Which anti-fungal is used for UTI infections with renal insufficiency?

Answer 38

Fluconazole for uTI caused by candida albicans

Question 39

What does active vaccination promote?

Answer 39

Memory cell production

Question 40

What causes symmetrical scaly plaques?

Answer 40

Psoriasis