Passmed MSK Questions

Question 1

Erb’s palsy- presentation

Answer 1

Flexion of the wrist with a medial rotated and extended forearm.

Question 2

Foot drop (loss of dorsiflexion and eversion) and loss of sensation to lateral aspect of foot
This presentation is caused by damage to which nerve?

Answer 2

Common peroneal nerve which winds around the fibula neck. Damage causes foot drop and loss of sensation to the lateral and posterior aspect of leg, injury usually occurs at the fibula head.

Question 3

Role of plantar extensor muscles

Answer 3

Dorsiflexion of foot

Question 4

Where do sciatic nerve injuries typically occur?

Answer 4

Near the hip joint

Question 5

Presentation of radial nerve injury?

Answer 5

Wrist drop and difficulty extending the wrist or fingers

Question 6

Which nerve is important for dorsiflexion?

Answer 6

Common peroneal nerve which innervates the anterior leg compartment.

Question 7

What is the cutaneous innervation to the lateral and posterior surfaces of the thigh?

Answer 7

Lateral sural cutaneous nerve

Question 8

Extensor pollucis brevis vs extensor pollucis longus

Answer 8

Extenso pollucis longus attaches at the distal hallux
Extensor pollucis brevis attaches at the MCP joint

Question 9

Psoas minor origin and insertion

Answer 9

Arises from the vertebral fasicles to insert onto the T12 and L1.

Question 10

Which nerve is responsible for thumb adduction?

Answer 10

Thumb adduction is carried out by the adductor pollucis, innervated by the Ulnar nerve

Question 11

Which intrinsic muscles of the hand are not innervated by the ulnar nerve?

Answer 11

LOAF
Lateral 2 lumbar Ickes
Oppones pollucis
ABductor pollucis brevis
Flexor pollucis brevis

Question 12

What is wrist drop?

Answer 12

Inability to extend the wrist

Question 13

What is the cutaneous innervation to the foot laterally?

Answer 13

Sural nerve

Question 14

What is the innervation to the sole of the foot?

Answer 14

Terminal branches of the tibial nerve, from the medial and lateral plantar nerve.

Question 15

What is the innervation to the dorsal of the foot?

Answer 15

Superficial fibular nerve, a branch of the common fibular nerve

Question 16

What is the innervation between the 1st and 2nd toe?

Answer 16

Deep fibular nerve.

Question 17

Nerve innervation arm abduction

Answer 17

Axillary nerve

Question 18

Presentation of Klumpke’s Palsy

Answer 18

Affects the intrinsic muscles of the hand and causes claw hand with hyperextended wrist.

Question 19

Pins and needles around thumb and index

Answer 19

Paraesthesia caused by nerve compression of median nerve in carpal tunnel
(Radial nerve injury would present as wrist drop)

Question 20

Which nerve innervates triceps?

Answer 20

Radial nerve innervates all 3 heads

Question 21

Which fracture type is common in children

Answer 21

Supracondylar fracture of humerus

Question 22

Muscles responsible for foot inversion

Answer 22

Tibialis posterior
+
Tibialis anterior
+ extensor hallucs longus

Question 23

Which nerve follows the path of the sapphenous vein?

Answer 23

Sural nerve which is most superficial

Question 24

Which muscle initiates shoulder abduction?

Answer 24

Supraspinatous

Question 25

What is the contents of the adductor canal?

Answer 25

Sapphenous nerve and superficial femoral branch of femoral artery and vein.

Question 26

Which muscles adduct the shoulder?

Answer 26

Lattisimus dorsi Pectoralis major Teres major Coracobrachialis

Question 27

What muscles abduct the shoulder?

Answer 27

Deltoid muscle

Question 28

Roots of the radial nerve

Answer 28

C5-C8

Question 29

What connects the radial head to the notch of the ulna?

Answer 29

Annular ligament.

Question 30

Flexed wrist and fingers

Answer 30

Wrist drop due to radial nerve lesion

Question 31

Contents of antebrachial fossa

Answer 31

Radial nerve Brachial tendon Brachial artery Median nerve

Question 32

Inability to flex, abduct or adduct medial 2 digits of right hand

Answer 32

Affects digit 4 and 5 of right hand, due to claw deformity caused by ulnar nerve lesion.

Question 33

Where does the biceps femoris attach?

Answer 33

To fibular head.

Question 34

Which artery lies between submandibular gland and parotid gland?

Answer 34

Facial artery

Question 35

Mid-humeral shaft fracture affects.

Answer 35

Radial nerve

Question 36

What are the boundaries of the femoral canal?

Answer 36

Located within the femoral triangle: Anteriorly: Inguinal ligament Laterally: Lacunar ligament Posteriorly: Pectineal ligament Medially: Femoral vein It has an opening for the Saphenous vein.

Question 37

What does the femoral canal contain?

Answer 37

Femoral lymphatic vessels Connective tissue Deep lymph node —> THe femoral canal is located within the femoral triangle next to the femoral vein, and has empty space to allow for distention of the vessel.

Question 38

Which structures are present in the carpal tunnel?

Answer 38

Flexor pollucis longus Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor digitorum superficialis Median nerve

Question 39

Which nerve is found near the medial epicondyle?

Answer 39

Ulnar nerve. Damage causes radial deviation at the wrist

Question 40

What is the innervation to the adductor pollucis?

Answer 40

Ulnar nerve. Adductor pollucis has a transverse and oblique head.

Question 41

Nerve commonly injured in a supracondylar fracture

Answer 41

Median nerve

Question 42

What i

Question 43

How do proximal ulnar nerve injuries present?

Answer 43

Proximal ulnar nerve injuries cause the denervation of flexor digitorum profundus, causing decreased flexion of the finger. This has a less severe appearance of claw hand compared to distal injuries.

Question 44

Where are lumbar punctures taken?

Answer 44

Subarachnoid space, where CSF is present.

Question 45

What mainly forms the deep palmar arch?

Answer 45

Radial artery

Question 46

What mainly forms the superficial palmar arch?

Answer 46

Ulnar artery

Question 47

Which muscles are innervated by median nerve?

Answer 47

LOAF Lumbricals (first and second) Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis

Question 48

What is present in the carpal tunnel?

Answer 48

Flexor pollucis longus Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexor digitorum profundus

Question 49

Which myotome is affected in reduced ankle reflex?

Answer 49

S1- this is also responsible for plantarflexion

Question 50

Myotome for knee reflex?

Answer 50

L3

Question 51

What is Cauda Equina syndrome?

Answer 51

Sudden onset back pain due to compression of nerve roots below L1. Can cause urinary dysfunction, reduced perianal sensation and anal tone. Causes weakness in straight leg test.