Passmed B13 Flashcards
Which nerve controls the baroreceptors reflex?
Vagus nerve
What does paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea indicate?
Heart failure
How does pulmonary embolism present?
Pleuritic chest pain
Shortness of breath
Haemoptysis
Chest pain relieved by sitting forwards?
Pericarditis
What are the effects of BNP?
Vasodilation
Increase natriuresis
What is the origin of the IVC?
L5 and it lacks any valves.
What is a contraindication for digoxin?
Increases risk of arrythmias.
—> Digoxin is a treatment for atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure
How should pulses be examined?
Most distal pulse is palpated first.
What is Claudication?
Pain in calf that is worse with exercise, caused by a thrombus formation from pre-existing atheroma.
What is the most common cause of fainting in young people?
Vasovagal syncope, with peripheral vasodilatation and venous pooling, caused by a cardioinhibitory response.
What are the histological changes to tissues soon after an MI?
Coagulation necrosis, and high risk of cardiogenic shock and arrythmia.
What are abdominal aortic aneurysms?
Abdominal aortic aneurysms occur primarily as a result of the failure of elastic proteins within the extracellular matrix, involving all layers of the arterial wall.
What is a side effect of amiodarone?
Amiodarone increases the risk of statin-induced rhabdomyolysis
