Harvluck B11 W1 Flashcards
What is the decidual septa?
Decidua is the modified endometrium that projects into the intervillous space to form septa and divide the placenta into cotyledons, maximising nutrient exchange. The decidual septa contain a core of maternal tissue and are surrounded by synctial cells.
What happens to DNA at conception?
Undergoes methylation- acetylation must occur to allow cells to differentiate.
Cumulus cells
Derived from granulosa cells
What forms the surface of the chorionic villi in first trimester?
Synctiotrophoblast
When is abdominal palpation offered in pregnancy?
Parthenogenetic activation
Egg activated in absence of a sperm
Precursor to yolk sac
Hypoblast
PLuriblast
What causes the blastocyt to expand?
Na=/K+ ATPase pump
Intracyptoplasmic sperm injection
Injecting sperm cell directly into the egg for men with fertility issues.
Foetal surface of placenta
Chorionic plate
Maternal surface of placenta
Decidua
Colour of pregnancy notes book
Green
Decidua basalis
Portion of decidua connected to the chorion
pO2 in foetal blood
0mmHg
How long after fertilisation does implantation occur?
6-12 days after ovulation
How does oestrogen affect blood volume?
Releases nitric oxide for vasodilation, increases angiogenesis and venous distensibility. Increases Levels of angiotensin II.
When is foetus larger than placenta?
17 weeks
When does placenta perform endocrine role?
Second trimester
Aromatises androgens to produce oestrogen
Produces progesterone
hCG
Somatomammotrophin
Where do ectopic pregnancies implant?
Ampulla of Fallopian tube
How does the egg prevent polyspermy?
Membrane depolarises and zona pellucida hardens in the cortical reaction. This occurs when it fuses with the sperm’s membrane.
What regulates invasion of trophoblast cells?
What erodes maternal tissue to access blood supply?
Synctiotrophoblasts- they erode the primary decidua, which are the cells underlying the endometrium
Nuclear material of cytotrophoblasts
Mononuclear
Where does embryo implant?
Utero-tubule junction
Role of mucin
Anti-adhesive protein for the hatching of blastocyst from the glycocalcyx.
Perivitelline space
Located between membrane of egg and zona pellucida
Trimester where nervous system develops of foetus
Trimester 2
What interdigitates with uterine epithelia?
Villous trophoblast
Female infertility
Ovulatory disorder, tubular disease, endometriosis
Hormones which increase maternal insulin resistance
Prolactin
Cortisol
Human placental lactogen
Effect of progesterone on hypothalamus
Increases action of thirst centre for aldosterone release
First ultrasound scan
13-14 weeks
Amnion components
Endoderm and mesoderm
Terminal villi
Foetal lobule
Converted spiral artery
Triploidy type 2
Triploidy digynic
UK fertility rate
What causes urinary stasis?
Relaxation of ureter and bladder due to effect of progesterone
