Harvluck B11 W1

Question 1

What is the decidual septa?

Answer 1

Decidua is the modified endometrium that projects into the intervillous space to form septa and divide the placenta into cotyledons, maximising nutrient exchange. The decidual septa contain a core of maternal tissue and are surrounded by synctial cells.

Question 2

What happens to DNA at conception?

Answer 2

Undergoes methylation- acetylation must occur to allow cells to differentiate.

Question 3

Cumulus cells

Answer 3

Derived from granulosa cells

Question 4

What forms the surface of the chorionic villi in first trimester?

Answer 4

Synctiotrophoblast

Question 5

When is abdominal palpation offered in pregnancy?

Question 6

Parthenogenetic activation

Answer 6

Egg activated in absence of a sperm

Question 7

Precursor to yolk sac

Answer 7

Hypoblast

Question 8

PLuriblast

Question 9

What causes the blastocyt to expand?

Answer 9

Na=/K+ ATPase pump

Question 10

Intracyptoplasmic sperm injection

Answer 10

Injecting sperm cell directly into the egg for men with fertility issues.

Question 11

Foetal surface of placenta

Answer 11

Chorionic plate

Question 12

Maternal surface of placenta

Answer 12

Decidua

Question 13

Colour of pregnancy notes book

Answer 13

Green

Question 14

Decidua basalis

Answer 14

Portion of decidua connected to the chorion

Question 15

pO2 in foetal blood

Answer 15

0mmHg

Question 16

How long after fertilisation does implantation occur?

Answer 16

6-12 days after ovulation

Question 17

How does oestrogen affect blood volume?

Answer 17

Releases nitric oxide for vasodilation, increases angiogenesis and venous distensibility. Increases Levels of angiotensin II.

Question 18

When is foetus larger than placenta?

Answer 18

17 weeks

Question 19

When does placenta perform endocrine role?

Answer 19

Second trimester
Aromatises androgens to produce oestrogen
Produces progesterone
hCG
Somatomammotrophin

Question 20

Where do ectopic pregnancies implant?

Answer 20

Ampulla of Fallopian tube

Question 21

How does the egg prevent polyspermy?

Answer 21

Membrane depolarises and zona pellucida hardens in the cortical reaction. This occurs when it fuses with the sperm’s membrane.

Question 22

What regulates invasion of trophoblast cells?

Question 23

What erodes maternal tissue to access blood supply?

Answer 23

Synctiotrophoblasts- they erode the primary decidua, which are the cells underlying the endometrium

Question 24

Nuclear material of cytotrophoblasts

Answer 24

Mononuclear

Question 25

Where does embryo implant?

Answer 25

Utero-tubule junction

Question 26

Role of mucin

Answer 26

Anti-adhesive protein for the hatching of blastocyst from the glycocalcyx.

Question 27

Perivitelline space

Answer 27

Located between membrane of egg and zona pellucida

Question 28

Trimester where nervous system develops of foetus

Answer 28

Trimester 2

Question 29

What interdigitates with uterine epithelia?

Answer 29

Villous trophoblast

Question 30

Female infertility

Answer 30

Ovulatory disorder, tubular disease, endometriosis

Question 31

Hormones which increase maternal insulin resistance

Answer 31

Prolactin Cortisol Human placental lactogen

Question 32

Effect of progesterone on hypothalamus

Answer 32

Increases action of thirst centre for aldosterone release

Question 33

First ultrasound scan

Answer 33

13-14 weeks

Question 34

Amnion components

Answer 34

Endoderm and mesoderm

Question 35

Terminal villi

Question 36

Foetal lobule

Answer 36

Converted spiral artery

Question 37

Triploidy type 2 Triploidy digynic

Question 38

UK fertility rate

Question 39

What causes urinary stasis?

Answer 39

Relaxation of ureter and bladder due to effect of progesterone