CASP Checklist Flashcards
How is a cohort study critically appraised for its subject?
Whether:
Cohort is representative of population
Both groups are comparable
Confounding factors are all identified and managed in the study design, e.g stratification
Accurate measurement of the exposure
Measurement method of the outcome
How is a cohort study critically appraised in the study duration?
Whether:
Participants/assessors were blinded
If the duration of the study was long enough to measure disease
Proportion lost to follow up
How is a cohort study critically appraised for its outcomes?
Based on:
Detection of confounding factors
Outcome is accurately measured using relative risk ratio or another objective measurement
Objective independent assessment of the study
Precision of results via Confidence interval or P value
How is a case control study critically appraised for its subject?
Whether:
There is random selection of the control
Groups are comparable and representative of a defined population
Time of study is long-enough to carry out
Addresses a focused queston
Confounding factors are managed via techniques such as stratificati
How is a case control study critically appraised for its study duration?
Whether:
Blinding occurs of participants and assessors
Duration is long enough to assess exposures
Groups were treated equally aside from the experimental intervention
How is a case control critically appraised for outcomes?
Based on:
Cases and controls being assessed using the same method
All selected participants are included in the analysis
There is an independent objective assessment
Measurement and size of effect estimate using relative risk ratio
Precision of results using CI or p value
How is a systematic review critically appraised for its subject?
Whether:
All relevant studies have been identified
The search strategy is documented
Inclusion of the right studies which address the focused question
Studies were similar enough to be combined
How is a systematic review critically appraised for outcomes?
Based on:
Reviewers being blind to the authors
Quality of the accessed studies
Homogeneity of the included studies
Presentation of main outcomes
Weaknesses and strengths of the included studies
How is an RCT critically appraised for the subject?
Whether:
—> Random allocation occured in the cohort
—> Baseline data for assessing intervention effectiveness can be compared
—> Assessment of the validity of each included trial
—> The similarity between the groups (should be as similar as possible) which should be in the baseline characteristics section for variables that affect the outcome
—>The inclusion/exclusion criteria for the study
How is an RCT critically appraised for the study duration?
Whether:
Participants, clinicians and reviewers were blinded to allocation
Both groups receive same level fo care
If Follow up was long enough to measure effects
Proportion lost to follow up
Was the study complete?
How is an RCT critically appraised for outcomes?
Based on:
Intention-to-treat analysis
An objective independent assessment was carried out
Reporting of Confidence intervals for precision estimate
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