Retinoblastoma_Flashcards
What is the average age of diagnosis for retinoblastoma?
The average age of diagnosis for retinoblastoma is 18 months.
What are the primary goals of treatment for retinoblastoma?
The primary goals of treatment for retinoblastoma are to save life, save the eye, and save vision.
How is the response to treatment assessed in retinoblastoma patients?
Frequent eye examinations under anaesthesia are used to assess the response to treatment in retinoblastoma patients.
What is the first-line treatment for retinoblastoma with gross vitreous seeding?
The first-line treatment for retinoblastoma with gross vitreous seeding is enucleation (surgical removal of the eye without resection of the lids or extraocular muscles).
What adjuvant chemotherapy is used if there is infiltration of the iris, ciliary body, or sclera in retinoblastoma?
Adjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin, etoposide, and vincristine is used if there is infiltration of the iris, ciliary body, or sclera in retinoblastoma.
What is the first-line treatment for retinoblastoma with minimal or no vitreous seeding?
The first-line treatment for retinoblastoma with minimal or no vitreous seeding is systemic chemotherapy (carboplatin, vincristine, etoposide).
What additional therapy is used along with systemic chemotherapy for retinoblastoma with minimal or no vitreous seeding?
Focal therapy (cryotherapy or laser therapy) is used along with systemic chemotherapy for retinoblastoma with minimal or no vitreous seeding.
How is retinoblastoma treated if there is a family history or it is detected at birth?
Retinoblastoma with a family history or detected at birth is usually treated by laser alone, followed up with an examination under anaesthesia every month for at least 1 year.
What is the first-line treatment for vitreous seeding after chemotherapy and/or focal therapy in retinoblastoma?
The first-line treatment for vitreous seeding after chemotherapy and/or focal therapy in retinoblastoma is external beam radiotherapy.
What is the cure rate for retinoblastoma patients?
The cure rate for retinoblastoma patients is 90%.
What is the visual outcome for many retinoblastoma patients?
Many retinoblastoma patients will be visually impaired.
What is a significant long-term risk for survivors of hereditary retinoblastoma?
Survivors of hereditary retinoblastoma have a significant risk of second malignancy, especially sarcoma.
