Paediatric_Hydration_Assessment_Flashcards
What is the maintenance fluid requirement for the first 10kg of body weight over 24 hours?
100 ml/kg
What is the volume per kg per hour for the first 10kg of body weight?
4 ml/kg/hour
What is the maintenance fluid requirement for the second 10kg of body weight over 24 hours?
50 ml/kg
What is the volume per kg per hour for the second 10kg of body weight?
2 ml/kg/hour
What is the maintenance fluid requirement for each kg of body weight thereafter over 24 hours?
20 ml/kg
What is the volume per kg per hour for each kg of body weight thereafter?
1 ml/kg/hour
What are the clinical features of a child who is not clinically dehydrated (<5%)?
None of the below (may have dry mucous membranes)
What is the management for a child who is not clinically dehydrated (<5%)?
Continue milk feeds and encourage clear fluids (not carbonated, juice or flat cola)
What are the symptoms and signs of clinical dehydration (5%)?
Symptoms: decreased urine, unwell, altered consciousness. Signs: dry mucous membranes, sunken eyes, tachypnoea, tachycardia, decreased skin turgor
What is the management for a clinically dehydrated child (5%)?
Continue milk feeds plus oral rehydration solution: 50ml/kg over 4 hours, plus maintenance. May try via NG if cannot feed. If deteriorating or vomiting, consider IV fluid replacement
What are the symptoms and signs of clinical shock (10%)?
Symptoms: decreased consciousness, pale/mottled skin, cold extremities. Signs: tachycardia, tachypnoea, weak pulses, prolonged capillary refill, hypotension
What is the initial management for a child in clinical shock (10%)?
IV rehydration: 10ml/kg bolus of 0.9% saline. If still shocked, then PICU
What is the management if clinical shock resolves?
IV 100ml/kg 0.9% saline over 4 hours plus maintenance
What is the recommended bolus for DKA and cerebral trauma to avoid central pontine myelinosis and cerebral oedema?
10ml/kg bolus of 0.9% saline
