Child_health_surveillance_flashcards

1
Q

What are the key checks during the antenatal period in the UK?

A

Ensure intrauterine growth, check for maternal infections (e.g., HIV), ultrasound scan for fetal abnormalities, blood tests for Neural Tube Defects.

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2
Q

What infections are checked for during the antenatal period?

A

HIV and other maternal infections.

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3
Q

What imaging is used during the antenatal period and for what purpose?

A

Ultrasound scan to check for fetal abnormalities.

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4
Q

What blood tests are conducted during the antenatal period?

A

Blood tests for Neural Tube Defects.

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5
Q

What are the key checks for a newborn?

A

Clinical examination of the newborn and hearing screening.

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6
Q

What is the Newborn Hearing Screening Programme?

A

A programme using oto-acoustic emissions tests to screen newborns for hearing issues.

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7
Q

What document is given to the mother for child health records?

A

The Personal Child Health Record.

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8
Q

What is checked during the heel-prick test in the first month?

A

The heel-prick test checks for hypothyroidism, PKU, metabolic diseases, cystic fibrosis, and medium-chain acyl Co-A dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD).

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9
Q

When is the heel-prick test conducted?

A

The heel-prick test is conducted on days 5-9.

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10
Q

Who visits the child up to 4 weeks after birth?

A

The midwife visits the child up to 4 weeks after birth.

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11
Q

What is the role of the health visitor in the following months?

A

The health visitor provides input and monitoring.

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12
Q

When is the GP examination conducted in the early months?

A

The GP examination is conducted at 6-8 weeks.

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13
Q

What routine medical procedures are conducted in the early months?

A

Routine immunisations are conducted.

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14
Q

What is the National orthoptist-led programme for pre-school vision screening?

A

A programme to screen pre-school children for vision issues.

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15
Q

What health aspects are monitored on an ongoing basis?

A

Monitoring of growth, vision, and hearing.

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16
Q

What advice do health professionals provide on an ongoing basis?

A

Health professionals provide advice on immunisations, diet, and accident prevention.

17
Q

At what age does the health visitor usually take over from the midwife?

A

Health visitors usually take over at 2 weeks.

18
Q

Summarise child surveillance

A

Child health surveillance

The following table gives a basic outline of child health surveillance in the UK

Antenatal Ensure intrauterine growth
Check for maternal infections e.g. HIV
Ultrasound scan for fetal abnormalities
Blood tests for Neural Tube Defects
Newborn Clinical examination of newborn
Newborn Hearing Screening Programme e.g. oto-acoustic emissions test
Give mother Personal Child Health Record
First month Heel-prick test day 5-9 - hypothyroidism, PKU, metabolic diseases, cystic fibrosis, medium-chain acyl Co-A dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD)
Midwife visit up to 4 weeks*
Following months Health visitor input
GP examination at 6-8 weeks
Routine immunisations
Pre school National orthoptist-led programme for pre-school vision screening to be introduced
Ongoing Monitoring of growth, vision, hearing
Health professionals advice on immunisations, diet, accident prevention

*this doesn’t seem to happen in practice with health visitors usually taking over at 2 weeks

19
Q

A 1-week-old baby is brought to clinic for assessment. She was born after 39 weeks of gestation, and was breast feeding normally. Her mother is now concerned that she is excessively tired. A history is taken with some basic observations recorded. Which of the following would be a concerning observation?

Respiratory rate 40 breaths per minute
Heart rate 90 beats per minute and regular
Head circumference in the 90th centile
Temperature of 37.2 Celsius
Mild irritability

A

Heart rate 90 beats per minute and regular

Healthy infants should have a respiratory rate between 30-60 breaths per minute, a regular pulse between 100-160 beats per minute in a newborn, temperature of around 37 Celsius, and pass urine and stool regularly.

Source: https:www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg37/chapter/1-recommendations