Lab Ex 45 Human Biology - Circulation & Blood Pressure

Question 1

Heart murmur

Answer 1

if any of the heart valves do not close completely, there is a turbulence in the heart that can be heard as this; often sound like sloshing liquid

Question 2

Plasma

Answer 2

55% of blood is this straw-colored fluid

Question 3

Red blood cells

Answer 3

erythrocytes; suspended in plasma; about 250,000 of these in a drop of blood

Question 4

White blood cells

Answer 4

leukocytes; larger than RBCs

Question 5

Arteries

Answer 5

carry blood away from the heart

Question 6

Veins

Answer 6

carry blood to the heart

Question 7

Capillaries

Answer 7

connect arteries and veins and have a diameter slightly larger than that of a single red blood cell; humans have about 97,000km of these with a total surface area of 800-1000m^2

Question 8

Pulse

Answer 8

pressure waves of blood; rate indicates the number of heart contractions per minute; typical rates usually range from 65-80 contractions per minute

Question 9

Blood pressure

Answer 9

pressure exerted on the surface of blood vessels by blood

Question 10

Systolic pressure

Answer 10

increased pressure that results from blood leaving the heart

Question 11

Diastolic pressure

Answer 11

pressure when the heart relaxes

Question 12

Pulse pressure

Answer 12

difference between systolic and diastolic pressure (what you feel in arteries when you touch your skin)

Question 13

Optimal blood pressure

Answer 13

occurs when systolic pressures are less than 120 mm Hg and diastolic pressures are less than 80mm Hg (ex. 118/75)

Question 14

Prehypertension

Answer 14

occurs when systolic pressures are between 120 and 139mm Hg and/or when diastolic pressures are between 80 and 89 mm Hg

Question 15

Hypertension (high blood pressure)

Answer 15

occurs when systolic pressures exceed 140mm Hg and/or when diastolic pressures exceed 90 mm Hg (ex. 145/96)