Lab Ex 40 Survey of the Animal Kingdom - Echinodermata, Hemichordata, & Chordata Flashcards
Protostomes
Annelids, mollusks, & arthropods; blastopore gives rise to mouth
Deuterostomes
Blastopore gives rise to anus
Ossicles
Internal skeleton of Echinoderms made of calcareous plates called these, usually with spines protruding through a thin layer of skin
Water vascular system
Echinoderms have this consisting of a series of coelomic water-filled canals with hollow projections called tube feet
Tube feet
Hollow projections of the water vascular system that help move Echinoderms
Aboral
Anus of sea star on this upper surface
Dermal gills
Respiration by diffusion that surrounds the blunt spines of sea stars
Pedicellariae
Pincerlike structures of Echinoderms used to remove debris from the surface
Madreporite
Sieve connecting the water vascular system with the environment (Echinoderms)
Ambulacral grooves
Where tube feet protrude from
Test
Ossicles are fused into a solid shell called this
Aristotle’s lantern
Small internal structure of 5 teeth (sea urchins & sand dollars)
Tentacles
Modified tube feet of sea cucumbers
Hemichordata
Share 2 features with chordates - dorsal nerve cord, part of which is hollow, & pharyngeal slits
Pharyngeal slits
Openings in the throat that filter water that has entered through the mouth
Acorn worms
Soft-bodied marine animals that burrow in sand or mud; bodies are fleshy & contractile and consist of a proboscis, a collar, & a trunk
Chordates
Characterized by a dorsal hollow nerve cord, a notochord, pharyngeal slits, & a postnatal tail
Atrium
After water passes by the arches it moves into a surrounding chamber called this (in lancelets)
Atriopore
Water leaves the bodies of lancelets through this
Ammocoete
Larva of lamprey
Buccal funnel
Mouths of agnathans is at the center of this round structure & is armed with horny teeth & a rasping tongue
Endoskeleton
Cartilaginous skeleton of sharks, skates, & rays
Lateral line
Runs along each side of the bodies of sharks, skates, & rays & contains sensory cells to detect slight vibrations
Operculum
Gills of bony fishes are protected by a movable gill cover called this
Lateral-line system
Along each side & branching over the heads of most fishes is this, consisting of sensory pits in the skin; pits detect water currents & predators or prey that may be moving near the fish
Tadpole
Aquatic larval stage of amphibians
Chorion
Outermost membrane of reptile eggs
Amnion
Encases the developing reptile embryo within a fluid filled cavity
Yolk sac
Provides food from the yolk for the embryo via blood vessels connecting to the embryo’s gut (reptiles)
Allantois
Surrounds a cavity into which waste products from the embryo are excreted
Mammary glands
Mammals nourish their young with milk produced by these of the mother
