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Pre-Pharm > A&P Lab 2: Language of Anatomy > Flashcards

A&P Lab 2: Language of Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Word root

A

main word part; carrying the primary meaning of the word

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2
Q

Prefix

A

precedes the root and often alters its meaning

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3
Q

Suffix

A

follows the root to alter the meaning

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4
Q

Anatomical position

A

important point of reference in common usage in anatomy; erect stance facing forward; arms straight, palms forward, fingers pointing downward at a slight angle; legs straight, slightly apart, toes forward/flat

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5
Q

Body regions

A

areas of the body that are identified during a physical examination

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6
Q

Cephalic

A

pertaining to the head

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7
Q

Facial

A

face

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8
Q

Buccal

A

cheek

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9
Q

Orbital

A

eye socket

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10
Q

Oral

A

mouth

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11
Q

Otic

A

ear

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12
Q

Mental

A

chin

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13
Q

Nasal

A

nose

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14
Q

Cranial

A

cranium

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15
Q

Frontal

A

forehead

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16
Q

Cervical

A

neck

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17
Q

Thoracic

A

chest/thorax

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18
Q

Sternal

A

breastbone

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19
Q

Pectoral (mammary)

A

breast

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20
Q

Abdominal

A

anterior trunk below ribs (abdomen)

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21
Q

Coxal

A

hip

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22
Q

Umbilical

A

navel

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23
Q

Pelvic

A

pelvis

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24
Q

Pubic

A

genital region

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25
Q

Inguinal

A

groin

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26
Q

Back

A

posterior trunk

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27
Q

Scapular

A

shoulder blade

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28
Q

Vertebral

A

spinal column

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29
Q

Lumbar

A

lower back (loin)

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30
Q

Acromial

A

shoulder

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31
Q

Axillary

A

armpit

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32
Q

Brachial

A

arm

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33
Q

Antebrachial

A

forearm

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34
Q

Cubital

A

elbow

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35
Q

Antecubital

A

anterior elbow

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36
Q

Carpal

A

wrist

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37
Q

Manus

A

hand

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38
Q

Palmar

A

palm of the hand

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39
Q

Digital (hand)

A

fingers

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40
Q

Gluteal

A

buttock

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41
Q

Femoral

A

thigh

42
Q

Patellar

A

anterior knee

43
Q

Popliteal

A

posterior knee

44
Q

Crural

A

lower leg

45
Q

Sural

A

posterior leg (calf)

46
Q

Fibular (peroneal)

A

side of leg

47
Q

Tarsal

A

ankle

48
Q

Pedal

A

foot

49
Q

Calcaneal

A

heel

50
Q

Plantar

A

sole of the foot

51
Q

Digital (foot)

A

toes

52
Q

Directional terms

A

group of anatomical terms (with opposing meanings) used to describe the location of body parts; abbreviate otherwise lengthy descriptions of where a body part is located relative to other parts; use anatomical position as a point of reference

53
Q

Superior (cranial)

A

toward the head end of upper part of the body

54
Q

Inferior (caudal)

A

away from the head end and toward the lower part of the body

55
Q

Anterior (ventral)

A

toward the front/belly side

56
Q

Posterior (dorsal)

A

toward the back

57
Q

Medial

A

toward the midline, which is an imaginary line that extends vertically down the middle of the body

58
Q

Lateral

A

away from the midline

59
Q

Superficial (external)

A

toward the surface of the body

60
Q

Deep (internal)

A

away from the surface of the body

61
Q

Proximal

A

toward a structure’s origin or point of attachment to the trunk

62
Q

Distal

A

away from a structure’s origin or point of attachment to the trunk

63
Q

Plane

A

imaginary flat surface; can describe how a slice/section can extend through the body

64
Q

Section

A

slice of a imaginary flat surface of body

65
Q

Frontal plane

A

extends through the long axis of the body (along the body’s length, dividing the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions

66
Q

Sagittal plane

A

extends through the long axis of the body, but divides the body into right and left portions

67
Q

Midsagittal plane

A

a sagittal plane dividing the body into equal right and left halves

68
Q

Parasagittal plane

A

a sagittal plane dividing the body into unequal right and left halves

69
Q

Transverse plane

A

extends perpendicular to the frontal and sagittal planes to divide the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions

70
Q

Cross section

A

section made along the transverse plane

71
Q

Dorsal cavity

A

located within the posterior (dorsal) side of the body; includes the cranial cavity (brain) and the vertebral cavity (spinal cord)

72
Q

Cranial cavity

A

cavity containing the brain

73
Q

Vertebral cavity

A

cavity containing the spinal cord

74
Q

Ventral cavity

A

includes the spaces on the ventral side of the body, such as the thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

75
Q

Thoracic cavity

A

fills the chest region; contains the heart, lungs, and major vessels of the heart; includes several smaller cavities (pericardial, 2 pleural cavities, mediastinum)

76
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

cavity containing the heart

77
Q

Pleural cavities (2)

A

each of these cavities contains a lung

78
Q

Mediastinum

A

area superior to the heart; contains major blood vessels and the thymus gland

79
Q

Diaphragm

A

thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominopelvic cavity by this muscular structure

80
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

superior section of the abdominopelvic cavity; houses the stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, kidneys, and part of the large intestine

81
Q

Pelvic cavity

A

inferior section of the abdominopelvic cavity; contains the reproductive organs, the urinary bladder, and part of the large intestine

82
Q

Serous membranes

A

line the inside walls of ventral cavities; also cover most of the visceral (internal) organs of the ventral cavities

83
Q

Parietal layer

A

outer layer of a serous membrane that attaches to a cavity wall

84
Q

Visceral layer

A

inner layer of a serous membrane that adheres to an inner organ

85
Q

Serous fluid

A

liquid within the small space separating 2 layers of a serous membrane that is produced by the cells in the membrane to reduce friction between the 2 layers when organs shift in position

86
Q

Pericardium

A

serous membrane associated with the heart

87
Q

Pleura

A

serous membrane associated with the lungs

88
Q

Peritoneum

A

serous membrane associated with the abdominal organs

89
Q

Retroperitoneal

A

in the occasions when the abdominal organs are not located in the peritoneum but rather behind the peritoneum

90
Q

Right hypochondriac

A

1 of 9 abdominopelvic regions; top right

91
Q

Epigastric

A

1 of 9 abdominopelvic regions; top middle

92
Q

Left hypochondriac

A

1 of 9 abdominopelvic regions; top left

93
Q

Right lumbar

A

1 of 9 abdominopelvic regions; middle right

94
Q

Umbilical

A

1 of 9 abdominopelvic regions; center

95
Q

Left lumbar

A

1 of 9 abdomonopelvic regions; middle left

96
Q

Right inguinal

A

1 of 9 abdominopelvic regions; bottom right

97
Q

Hypogastric

A

1 of 9 abdominopelvic regions; bottom middle

98
Q

Left inguinal

A

1 of 9 abdominopelvic regions; bottom left

99
Q

Quadrants

A

2nd scheme dividing the abdominopelvic cavity; common in clinical use; formed by 1 vertical line and 1 horizontal line that meet at the umbilicus (navel); right upper, left upper, right lower, left lower

100
Q

Organ

A

structure with a defined shape that is composed of more than 1 type of tissue, and performs a general role in the body

101
Q

System

A

organs are combined to form a larger group called this, which performs a more general role to support health; 11 of these in the body

102
Q

Homeostasis

A

physiological state of equilibrium in an effort to achieve survival

Pre-Pharm (182 decks)

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