A&PII Lab 15: Urinalysis

Question 1

Filtration

Answer 1

process that occurs across the specialized membrane between the glomerulus and the visceral cell layer of the renal (Bowman’s) capsule

Question 2

Reabsorption

Answer 2

return of water and mainly sodium ions from the filtrate to the bloodstream

Question 3

Secretion

Answer 3

active transport of excess ions remaining in the bloodstream into the filtrate

Question 4

Urinalysis

Answer 4

clinical evaluation of urine

Question 5

Cells

Answer 5

epithelial cells from the urinary tract lining and blood cells; large number of these indicates urinary system injury or infection

Question 6

Crystals

Answer 6

masses of inorganic molecules, including uric acid, calcium oxalate, and calcium carbonate; abnormally large number of these may occur in urinary retention (inability to void urine from the bladder); larges masses = stones/calculi

Question 7

Casts

Answer 7

chunks of hardened cell masses that have solidified in the urinary tract and sloughed off into the urine stream; may be a cylindrical mass of dead cells, hardened mucus, or fibrous connective tissue

Question 8

Artifact

Answer 8

substance that entered the urine specimen by accident; examples include fabric fibers from clothing, powder from the area of the urethral opening, or skin oil droplets