Chemistry - Ch 15

Question 1

Chemical equilibrium

Answer 1

occurs when opposing reactions are proceeding at equal rates

Question 2

Equilibrium state

Answer 2

a mixture of reactants and products whose concentrations no longer change with time

Question 3

Haber process

Answer 3

the catalyst system and conditions of temperature and pressure developed by Fritz Haber and coworkers for the formation of NH3 from H2 & N2

Question 4

Law of mass action

Answer 4

the rules by which the equilibrium constant is expressed in terms of the concentrations of reactants and products, in accordance with the balanced chemical equations for the reaction

Question 5

Equilibrium-constant expression (equilibrium expression)

Answer 5

the expression that describes the relationship among the concentrations (or partial pressures) of the substances present in a system at equilibrium; the numerator is obtained by multiplying the concentrations of the substances on the product side of the equation, each raised to a power equal to its coefficient in the chemical equation; the denominator similarly contains the concentrations of the substances on the reactant side of the equation

Question 6

Equilibrium constant

Answer 6

numerical value obtained when we substitute equilibrium concentrations into the equilibrium constant expression

Question 7

Homogeneous equilibria

Answer 7

equilibria involving substances in the same phase

Question 8

Heterogeneous equilibria

Answer 8

equilibria involving substances in different phases

Question 9

Reaction quotient (Q)

Answer 9

number obtained by substituting reactant and product concentrations or partial pressures at any point during a reaction into an equilibrium-constant expression

Question 10

Le Chatelier’s Principle

Answer 10

If a system at equilibrium is disturbed by a change in temperature, pressure, or the concentration of one of the components, the system will shift its equilibrium position so as to counteract the effect of the disturbance