Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHARMA I > PHARMACODYNAMICS TERMS > Flashcards

PHARMACODYNAMICS TERMS Flashcards

1
Q

study of the time course of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination

A

pharmacokinetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

application of PK principles to the safe and effective therapeutic management of drugs in a patient

A

clinical pharmacokinetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the events that occur in the body that lead to a drugs effect

A

mechanism of action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

synthesized outside of the body

A

xenobiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

synthesized within the body

A

hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

produces harmful effects

A

poisons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

poisons of biologic origin

A

toxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

molecules that binds to another molecule

i.e. drug, hormone, NT

A

ligands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

components of a cell or organism that interact with a drug and initiates the chain of events leading to the drugs observed effects

A

receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

agonist or antagonist act as activators

A

agonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

agonist or antagonist act as inhibitors

A

antagonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

affects multiple receptors on different cells/tissues

A

nonselective drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

exerts more specific binding

A

selective drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

components of a cell or organism that interacts with a drug and initials chain of events leading tot he drugs observed effects

A

receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

aspirin and sarin have what type of drug-receptor bond

A

covalent bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

this drug receptor bond consists of ionic, hydrogen, van Der Waals

nicotine as an example

A

electrostatic bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

lipids have what type of drug receptor bond

A

hydrophobic bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

bind to the same receptor sites as the endogenous agonist

A

primary agonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

blind to different regions of the receptor

A

allosteric agonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

ligand binds only to the active form of the receptor to produce full max effect

A

full agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

ligand binds to both active and inactive forms of the receptor but with more affinity for the active form leading to partial effect

A

partial agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

blocks the agonist from binding to the receptor

A

antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

produce a lower response that do full agonist (ceding effect) inhibits the response produced by full agonist

buprenorphine

A

partial agonists

24
Q

refers to the relative ability of a drug receptor complex to produce a maximum response

A

intrinsic efficacy

25
Q

drugs that produce the opposite effect/response of the agonist

a receptor is either active or inactive, what is this activity called?

A

inverse agonist

constitutive activity

26
Q

antagonist competes for the same binding spot as the ligand/drug

A

competitive antagonism

27
Q

nonselective beta blocker
competes with norepinephrine and epic
reduces resting heart rate
exhibits competitive antagonism

A

propanolol

28
Q

one that does not bind drug when the drug concentration is sufficient to produce maximal effect

A

spare receptor

29
Q

bind to receptor in an irreversible manner

a noncompetitive antagonist reduces the maximal response that an agonist can produce

increasing the agonist concentration cannot surmount the inhibitory effect

A

noncompetitive antagonist

30
Q

drug used to treat hypertension in patients pheochromocytoma

A

phenoxybenzamine

31
Q

drugs have both agonistic and antagonistic properties

A

mixed agonist

32
Q

a drug may antagonize the actions of a second drug by binding to and inactivating the second drug

heparin reversal with protamine

A

chemical antagonism

33
Q

many physiologic functions are controlled by opposing regulatory pathways

glucocorticoids and insulin

A

physiologic antagonism

34
Q

mediate actions of endogenous chemical signals

NTs, hormones

A

regulatory proteins

35
Q

protein receptors are activated or inactivated by drugs which themselves can be enzymes

A

enzymes

36
Q

receptors that regular movement of materials

NTs

A

transport proteins

37
Q

structural elements like tubulin

A

structural proteins

38
Q

name this effect of receptor regulation:

EGF receptor kinase

ligand binding leads to internalization of receptor

de novo synthesis of receptors rate < receptor degradation

decreased total number of cell surface receptors

A

downregulation

39
Q

name this receptor regulation

cells responsiveness to ligand decreases

A

desensitization

40
Q

name this receptor regulation

when responsiveness to a drug diminishes rapidly after administration of a drug
i.e. acute tolerance

A

tachyphylaxis

41
Q

name this receptor regulation

an increase in the number of receptors on the surface of target cells

A

upregulation

42
Q

this the concentration that produces 50% of the maximal response

A

EC50

43
Q

the maximal response that can be produced by the drug

-maximal effect of a drug can be seen by the plateau of the dose response curve

A

Emax

44
Q

dose at which 50% of the subject exhibits the quantal effect

i.e. therapeutic effect

A

ED50

45
Q

dose at which 50% of subjects experienced a toxic event

A

TD50

46
Q

dose at which 50% of subjects died

A

LD50

47
Q

denotes the amount of drug needed to produce a specified effect

EC50
ED50

A

potency

48
Q

the ratio of equivalent-effective doses

used in to compare one drug with another

A

relative potency

49
Q

do not equate greater potency of a drug with therapeutic superiority

one can possibly increase the dose of a less potent and get the same clinical response

A

equipotent dose

50
Q

a dose response that is defined as either absent or present

all or none

useful for finding the dose required to produce a specified response in each member of the population

A

quantal dose response

51
Q

plotting the increment in the percent of the population that responds with a specified effect as the dose is increased

A

quantal dose response curve

52
Q

range between the minimum toxic dose and the minimum therapeutic dose

A

therapeutic range

53
Q

TD50/ED50

what is this index? increased means?

A

therapeutic index

greater the margin of safety

54
Q

drugs that have both agonistic and antagonistic properties?

A

mixed agonist

55
Q

doesn’t take any opioids?

A

opioid naive

56
Q

has been taking a full agonist like oxycodone for pain

A

opioid tolerant

PHARMA I (138 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions