BETA LACTAMS III Flashcards
what beta lactam is this?
spectrum of activity varies between generation
the addition of the side chains make these agents more resistant to beta lactamases
cephalosporins
how many generation of cephalosporins?
5 generations
name this generation based on these meds?
cephalexin
cefazolin
cefadroxil
1st generation
name this generation based on these meds?
cefaclor cefotetan cefoxitin cefprozil cefuroxime
2nd generation
name this generation based on these meds?
cefdinir cefixime cefotaxime cefpodoxime ceftazidime ceftibuten ceftriaxone
3rd generation
name this generation based on these meds?
cefepime
4th generation
name this generation based on these meds?
ceftaroline
5th generation
these gens are commonly used (SSTI, surgical prophylaxis)
good antistaph activity, poor CNS penetration
distributed to all parts of the body
good spectrum against MSSA, streptococci
*renally eliminated, dose adjustment needed
1st gen
broader gram negative coverage; slightly weaker gram positive coverage
similar to 1st gen
renally eliminated
upper resp infections, community acquired pneumonia, surgical prophylaxis, gonorrhea, UTI
good spectrum against hemophilus, neisseria, some GNR (E. coli, proteus, klebsiella)
*side chain of cefotetan can inhibit via K production for prolonged bleeding
2nd gen
greater gram negative coverage than 1st or 2nd
good penetration into CSF with inflamed meningitis
don’t need to really adjust and can concentrate enough in urine to treat UTI
good spectrum, ceftazidime only, for pseudomonas
3rd gen
more resistant to beta lactamases for broad coverage
similar to 3rd gen
renal elimination
nosocomial infections
good spectrum against MSSA, strep, pseudomonas, enteric GNRs
4th gen
anti staph cephalosporin
ceftaroline fomasil which has activity against MRSA
widely distributed, similar to CNS penetration to 3rd gen
undergoes rapid dephospho rylation to active ceftaroline
MRSA infections, but SSTI and CAP
5th generation
