CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACY Flashcards
this is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the US for both men and women?
coronary artery disease
atrial fibrillation
A-V node re entry tachyarrhyythmia
wolf-parkinson-white
multi focal atrialtachycardia
supra ventricular arrhythmias
ventricular tachycardia
ventricular fibrillation
PVC
ventricular arrhythmias
BP equation?
BP=CO x SVR
CO equation?
CO=HR x SV
Heart rate is based on?
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
stroke volume is based on?
preload
afterload
contractility
name this receptor?
mostly heart EPI>NE
increase CO, increase chronotrophy, increase inotrophy, increase dromotrophy
B1
name this receptor?
EPI>NE
skeletal blood vessels=vasodilation; h/e this may be counterbalanced alpha 1 stimulation
bronchial smooth muscle=vasodilation
B2
name this receptor?
adipose tissue, bladder
B3
name this receptor?
vascular smooth muscle to arterial and venous vasoconstriction
A1
name this receptor?
located in postsynaptic CNS neurons and peripheral vasculature
activation of the receptors in the periphery causes vasconstriction
activation of the receptors in the CNS leads to decrease release of NE from the CNS neurons
A2
name this receptor?
vasodilation of renal, splanchnic, coronary vessels
D1
for adrenergic modulating meds, what are the nonselective antagonist beta blockers?
propanolol
nadalol
timolol
pindalol
for adrenergic modulating meds, what are the B1 selective antagonist blockers?
metaprolol
atenolol
esmolol
acebutolol
MOA for non selective agents?
cardiovascular effects
non cardiovascular effects
antagonizes both B1 and B2 receptors thus inhibiting the effects of catecholamines on these receptors
decrease contractility
decrease heart rate
B2 blocking effects, increase peripheral vascular resistance; bronchospasm
MOA for selective agents?
cardiovascular effects?
antagonizes B1 receptors to a greater extent than B2 receptors in typical doses
decrease contractility
decrease heart rate
side effects?
fatigue bradycardia heart block bronchospasm may mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia rebound effect with abrupt discontinuation
what are the indications?
hypertension
ischemic heart disease
antiarrhythmic
heart failure
best drugs for treating heart failure?
bisoprolol
carvedilol
metoprolol succinate (XL formulation)
absolute contraindications?
hypersensitivity
asthma
heart block greater than the 1st degree
drug interactions? name the meds that affect dynamics
meds that slow AV nodal conduction
digoxin diltiazem verapamil others NSAIDs
why not rifampin, phenobarbital, phenytoin?
induces cyto P450 system
affect of abruptly stopping beta blocker use?
rebound effect
these patients should be informed to monitor blood glucose when taking beta blockers?
diabetic patients
patients with this disease should not take beta blockers?
patients with bronchospastic lung disease
a pharmacologic property of Beta blockers is intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, T/F?
T
