venous disorders Flashcards
things you can see w/ venous diseases
-telangiectasias
-varicose veins
-lipodermatosclerosis
-superficial phlebitis
-venous ulceration
chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) CM
-skin of lower legs looks leathery & brownish
-edema
-eczema w/ itching & scratching
-ulcers above medial malleolus (more painful when in the dependent position)
care for CVI
-compression socks
-avoid standing/sitting for long periods
-elevate legs above level of heart (promotes venous return & dec swelling)
-daily walking programs
-proper foot & leg care
-high kcal, high protein diet
what is not recommended if a pt has a VTE
dynamic compression bc it could dislodge the clot
what is virchow’s triad
-venous stasis
-endothelial damage
-blood hyper coagulability
risk factors for venous stasis
-advanced age
-bed rest/prolonged immobility
-HF
-fractured leg or hip
-long trips w/o adequate exercise
-obesity / pregnancy
-varicose veins
risk factors for endothelial damage
-caustic hypertonic IV drugs
-fractures of pelvis, hip or leg
-IV drug abuse
-trauma
risk factors for hyper-coagulability
-dehydration or malnut
-high altitudes
-oral contraceptives
-pregnancy
-cancer
-tobacco use
VTE CM
-unilateral leg edema
-pain & tenderness w/ palpation
-dilated superficial veins
-sense of fullness in thigh or calf
-paresthesia
-warm skin & erythema
-temp >100.4F d/t inflamm.
biggest complication of VTE
pulmonary embolus
VTE nursing care
-early & aggressive mobilization or turn q2
-flex & extend hips/feet/knees q2-4 while awake to mimic skeletal muscle pumps
-anticoag therapy
-inferior vena cava interruption filters
vena cava filter
uses stainless steel filter to prevent pulmonary embolism as blood travels up the vena cava, clots are trapped in the filter
