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ABSN > stress & coping > Flashcards

stress & coping Flashcards

1
Q

stress

A

an actual or alleged hazard to the balance of homeostasis

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2
Q

homeostasis

A

the state of steady internal, physical, chemical, and social conditions maintained by living systems

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3
Q

stressors

A

physical, psychological or social stimuli that can produce stress and endanger homeostasis the force causing the stress in your body

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4
Q

Eustress

A

a positive form of stress makes you feel accomplished, excited, motivates you, allow for focus, within coping abilities

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5
Q

distress

A

a negative reaction to stress causes anxiety, concern, decreases performance, not within coping abilities

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6
Q

appraisal

A

how a person interprets the impact of the stressor one person’s stressor may not cause stress to another

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7
Q

trauma

A

when symptoms of stress persist beyond the duration of the stressor

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8
Q

acute stress

A

experienced on a daily basis from minor situations (ex: running late to work)

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9
Q

chronic stress

A

experienced on an ongoing basis, usually +6mo

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10
Q

PTSD

A

begins when a person experiences or witnesses a traumatic event and they respond with an intense fear or they feel an intense feeling of helplessness (crashes, natural disasters, military)

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11
Q

secondary traumatic stress

A

trauma from witnessing the trauma of others, a component of compassion fatigue

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12
Q

how is stress shown in ptsd

A

nightmares, flashbacks, recurrent and intrusive recollections of the event

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13
Q

crisis

A

occurs when coping mechanisms are ineffective and a change must be made

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14
Q

developmental crisis

A

[maturational crisis] occurs when a persons moves through different stages of life (is a normal stressor) gaining independence, marriage, children

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15
Q

situation crisis

A

external crisis, typically expected trauma medical diagnosis, big job change

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16
Q

adventure crisis

A

(events of disasters, occurs during a major disaster, man made disaster, crimes of justice covid, hurricanes, 911

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17
Q

primary appraisal

A

the event in terms of its personal meaning, stress results when a person identifies an event or circumstance as a harm, loss, threat or challenge

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18
Q

secondary appraisal

A

[concurrently happens w/ primary appraisal] a person considers available resources & coping strategies, stress occurs if the demands placed on the person by the event exceed the ability to cope

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19
Q

coping

A

cognitive & behavioral efforts to manage a stressor

20
Q

what impacts coping

A

goals, beliefs, personal resources, cultural background, age and types of stress experienced

21
Q

good coping mechanisms

A

self care that actually takes care of you (exercising, therapy, diet, social, hobbies)

22
Q

bad coping mechanisms

A

alcohol, tobacco, workaholic to avoid stressor

23
Q

factors that influence stress and coping

A

the appraisal, the amount and type of support, reaction to the stressor, pervious life experiences

24
Q

what types of stressors place people who are vulnerable at higher risk for prolonged stress

A

situational and social stressors

25
Q

situational factors that influence stress and coping

A

stressors in the workplace, adjusting to a new diagnosis

26
Q

maturational factors that influence stress and coping

A

life stages, erikson’s developmental theory, milestones, losing a parent, accepting physical aging, seeing a child leave home

27
Q

sociocultural factors that influence stress and coping

A

environmental, social, and cultural stressors (poverty, physical disability, social isolation)

28
Q

general adaptation syndrome (GAS)

A

a 3 stage reaction to stress triggered by a physical or psychological event, the body is trying to return to allostasis

29
Q

what initiates the general response syndrome after encountering a physical demand

A

the pituitary gland

30
Q

what is allostasis

A

a state of balance within the body

31
Q

GAS: stage 1

A

(alarm stage) the CNS is aroused, body defenses are mobilized “fight or flight…. or freeze”

32
Q

GAS: stage 2

A

(resistance stage) the body stabilizes and responds, the body is compensating for the changes that occurred during alarm stage

33
Q

GAS: stage 3

A

(exhaustion stage) continuous stress causes a breakdown of compensatory mechanisms, can longer adapt to the stressor -> associated w/ physiological problems & will see serious health outcomes

34
Q

what is the immune response for the general adaptation syndrome

A

stress causes prolonged changes in the immune system that impairs function and increases susceptibility too infection, high blood pressure, diabetes and cancer

35
Q

compassion fatigue

A

a state of burnout and secondary traumatic stress resulting from physical and mental fatigue and exhaustion

36
Q

when does burnout occur

A

when perceived demands outweigh perceived resources

37
Q

signs of compassion fatigue / burnout

A

feelings of irritability, restlessness, inability to focus and engage with others

38
Q

second victim syndrome

A

when a medical error occurs that inflicts significant harm on a patient and the patient’s family -> can sustain complex psychological harm that can lead to detrimental outcomes such as suicide (similar symptoms to PTSD)

39
Q

assessment of stress & coping: subjective findings

A

-stressors and client’s perception of the event
-available situational supports
-methods of coping
-suicidality / homicidal thoughts

40
Q

assessment of stress & coping: objective findings

A

-appearance
-nonverbal behavior

41
Q

assessment of stress & coping: what to consider

A
  • sensitive topic (establish trust)
  • the environment & time
    -use open ended questions
42
Q

planning for nursing care for a person experiencing stress

A

-set priorities & develop pt centered goals
-set objectives
-SMART
-one behavior per objective

43
Q

examples of goal outcomes for pts dealing with stress or coping

A

-“pt will engage in a support group”
-“ family members will be able to discuss a loss together”
-“caregiver participates in respite care”

44
Q

implementation for stress and coping: health promotion

A

regular exercise & rest, support systems, time mgt, guided imagery, journal writing, mindful based stress reduction, stress mgt, social isolation/loneliness prevention

45
Q

implementation for stress and coping: acute care

A

crisis intervention

46
Q

implementation for stress and coping: restorative & continuing care

A

long term impact of a crisis

47
Q

evalution of stress reducing interventions

A

-does the pt believe stress has been reduced
-analyze pt outcomes
-empower the patient

ABSN (90 decks)

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