ABGs causes & CM + comp

Question 1

metabolic alkalosis: causes (4)

Answer 1

-taking in excess baking soda or alka seltzer
-prolonged vomiting
-NG tube
-diuretics

Question 2

metabolic alkalosis: CM

Answer 2

CNS over excitability
-confusion
-tremors
-muscle cramps
-paresthesias
-coma
-N/V/D
-resp depression

Question 3

respiratory alkalosis: causes (6)

Answer 3

-hyperventilation
-fever/sepsis
-medications
-acute anxiety
-hypoxia
-PE/lung disease
-ventilator settings
-CNS lesions

Question 4

respiratory alkalosis: CM

Answer 4

CNS over excitability
-tachypnea
-light headedness
-confusion, blurred vision
-paresthesia
-hyperactive reflexes, seizures
-coma

Question 5

respiratory acidosis: causes (7)

Answer 5

-hypoventilation
-cardiopulmonary arrest
-head injury
-narcotics/sedatives
-anesthesia
-pulmonary disorders
-abdominal distension
-airway obstruction
-chest wall deformities
-neuromuscular problems

Question 6

respiratory acidosis: CM

Answer 6

-dyspnea
-respiratory distress
-shallow respirations
-H/A, restlessness, confusion
-tachycardia, arrhythmias
-dec LOC/stupor/coma

Question 7

metabolic acidosis: causes (5)

Answer 7

-prolonged diarrhea
-renal failure
-DM/DKA
-lactic acidosis
-starvation

Question 8

respiratory acidosis compensation

Answer 8

kidneys conserve (reabsorbing) HCO3

Question 9

respiratory alkalosis compensation

Answer 9

kidneys excrete HCO3

Question 10

metabolic acidosis compensation

Answer 10

lungs excreting CO2

Question 11

metabolic alkalosis compensation

Answer 11

lungs conserving CO2

Question 12

metabolic acidosis: CM

Answer 12

-drowsiness/confused/paresthesias
-tremors
-hypotension
-hyperkalemia
-deep breathing (kussmaul resp)
-fruity odor