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ABSN > Abx pharm pt.1 - Exam 1A > Flashcards

Abx pharm pt.1 - Exam 1A Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of all “cillins”

A

disrupt the synthesis of the cell wall

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2
Q

penicillin indications

A

Gonorrhea, peritonitis, UTI, pneumonia & resp infections, septicemia, meningitis

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3
Q

penicillin SE

A

Utricaria (rash)
Pruritis (itching)
Angioedema

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4
Q

penicillin nursing considerations

A

Rash very common in kid

Person might not have true allergy but rashes can indicate anaphylaxis

Interact w/ NSAIDS, Oral Contraceptives & Warfarin

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5
Q

what class are PCN G & PCN V

A

natural penicillins

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6
Q

indications for PCN G & V

A

Gonorrhea, peritonitis, UTI, pneumonia & resp infections, septicemia, meningitis

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7
Q

PCN G & V SE

A

rash

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8
Q

PCN G & V nursing considerations

A

Works on gram +&-, anaerobic, and spirochetes

½ life 30 mins expect w/ kidney dysfunction

Least toxic

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9
Q

what class is nafcillin

A

Penicillinase Resistant Penicillins

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10
Q

nafcillin indications

A

Gonorrhea, peritonitis, UTI, pneumonia & resp infections, septicemia, meningitis, staph infection

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11
Q

nafcillin SE

A

rash

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12
Q

nafcillin nursing considerations

A

IV only

Resist breakdown by the penicillanse enzyme that is commonly seen in a staph infection

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13
Q

what class are amoxicillin and ampicillin

A

aminopenicillins

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14
Q

amoxicillin and ampicillin indications

A

Gonorrhea, peritonitis, UTI, pneumonia & resp infections, septicemia, meningitis

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15
Q

ampicillin SE

A

diarrhea & rash

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16
Q

ampicillin nursing considerations

A

renal sensitive

using less d/t drug resistance but 1st broad spectrum drug

usually given with a beta lactum abx (Unasyn)

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17
Q

amoxicillin nursing considerations

A

less SE & only PO

works better on against gram - then other penicillins

commonly for for ears, nose, throat, genitourinary & skin infections

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18
Q

what class is piperacillin

A

Extended Spectrum Penicillins

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19
Q

piperacillin indications

A

Gonorrhea, peritonitis, UTI, pneumonia & resp infections, septicemia, meningitis

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20
Q

piperacillin SE

A

rash
hard on kidney’s bc it is a board spectrum abx
affects platelet function

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21
Q

piperacillin nursing considerations

A

Always given with a beta lactamase inhibitor (Zosyn)

Very good for pseudomonal infections (get through water & causes res distress, HA, pus fill sacs on skin, disorientation)

Broadest spectrum (pull peak & trough)

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22
Q

what class is cephalosporin

A

cephalosporins

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23
Q

cephalosporins (general & all the generations) MOA

A

Disrupt the synthesis of the cell wall (active autolysis)

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24
Q

cephalosporin indications

A

STDs, peritonitis, UTI, pneumonia & resp infections, septicemia, meningitis

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25
Q

cephalosporin SE

A

Mild diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
Rash
Pruritis
Redness
edema

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26
Q

cephalosporin nursing considerations

A

safe for pregnancy (category B)
poor oral absorption
low toxicity
avoid if PCN anaphylaxis

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27
Q

if you have anaphylaxis to PCN, what other drug class should be avoided

A

cephalosporins

28
Q

what class are Cefazolin and Cephalexin

A

1st generation cephalosporins

29
Q

Cefazolin and Cephalexin indications

A

staph (skin infections)
non enterococcal strep infections
UTIs

30
Q

Cefazolin and Cephalexin SE

A

Mild diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
Rash
Pruritis
Redness
edema

31
Q

Cefazolin and Cephalexin nursing considerations

A

Cefazolin is IV only

Cefazolin is common for surgical prophylaxis

Works well for gram +

Do not work for CNS infections

32
Q

what class are Cefuroxime & Cefotetan

A

2nd generation cephalosporins

33
Q

Cefuroxime & Cefotetan indications

A

STDs, peritonitis, UTI, pneumonia & resp infections, septicemia,

Cefotetan for abdominal infection

34
Q

Cefuroxime & Cefotetan SE

A

Mild diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
Rash
Pruritis
Redness
edema

35
Q

Cefuroxime & Cefotetan nursing considerations

A

Better for gram – but works for both

Cefuroxime does not kill anerobic bacteria

Do not work for CNS infections

36
Q

what class are Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidine and Cefotaxine

A

3rd generation cephalosporins

37
Q

Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidine and Cefotaxine indications

A

STDs, peritonitis, UTI, pneumonia & resp infections, septicemia, meningitis

38
Q

Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidine and Cefotaxine SE

A

Mild diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
Rash
Pruritis
Redness
edema

39
Q

Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidine and Cefotaxine nursing considerations

A

most potent against gram -

only given IV/IM

40
Q

Ceftriaxone nursing considerations

A

extremely long acting (1x/d)
can cross blood brain barrier
do not give to paitents w/ liver failue

41
Q

ceftazidime nursing considerations

A

works well for pseudomonas

42
Q

what class is Cefepime

A

4th generation cephalosporins

43
Q

Cefepime indications

A

STDs, peritonitis, UTI, pneumonia & resp infections, septicemia, meningitis

44
Q

Cefepime SE

A

Mild diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
Rash
Pruritis
Redness
edema

45
Q

Cefepime nursing considerations

A

Works against gram - & + (very board spectrum, expect to be hard on kidneys)

Able to cross BBB

46
Q

what class is Ceftaroline

A

5th generation cephalosporins

47
Q

Ceftaroline indications + what does it not treat

A

Treats MRSA, MSSA & some VRSA/VISA (does not treat: pseudomonas, EBL, klebsiella)
+ the normal sporins stuff

48
Q

Ceftaroline SE

A

Mild diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
Rash
Pruritis
Redness
edema

49
Q

Ceftaroline nursing considerations

A

“newest, biggest, badded abx”

Needs to be renally dosed, monitor kidney

IV only

50
Q

what class are imipenemi/cilastin and meropenem

A

carbapenems

51
Q

carbapenems MOA

A

Disrupt the synthesis of the cell wall

52
Q

imipenemi/cilastin indication

A

Broadest spectrum so last resort med

53
Q

imipenemi/cilastin SE

A

Seizures esp when given w/ other drugs that can cause seizures

54
Q

imipenemi/cilastin nursing considerations

A

IV & infused over 60 mins

Penetrates BBB & meninges

gram + and -

55
Q

meropenem indications

A

Very broad spectrum so last resort med

56
Q

meropenem SE

A

Seizures (less than imipenem)
Rash
Diarrhea

57
Q

meropenem nursing considerations

A

IV & infused over 60 mins

Doesn’t degrade in kidneys

gram + and -

58
Q

carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is resistant to what drug class

A

carbopenems

59
Q

what class is vancomycin

A

Glycopeptide antibiotic

60
Q

vancomycin indications

A

Gram + infections
MRSA
PCN resistant pneumococcus
C.diff & p. colitis (needs to be given orally)

61
Q

vancomycin toxic SE

A

-ototoxicity w/ high levels (can be reserved)
-immune mediated thrombocytopenia
-nephrotoxic

62
Q

vancomycin nursing considerations

A

Doesn’t cross BBB

draw peak & troughs

Hard on kidneys, decrease dose for renal dysfunction (mostly when given IV)

Monitor platelets

Risky for patients w/ paralysis

63
Q

vancomycin MOA

A

Destroys bacteria by binding to bacterial cell wall, producing immediate inhibition of cell wall synthesis and death (not by autolysis)

64
Q

vancomycin non toxic SE

A

Redman syndrome

65
Q

what drugs are usually given with a beta lactam abx

A

penicillin, cephalosporins, carbapenems and monobactams

ABSN (161 decks)

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