URI pharm - Exam 1B Flashcards
what class is Diphenhydramine
(Benadryl)
H1 blocker (sedating)
H1 blocker (sedating) MOA
Bind to H1 receptors & block histamine release
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) indication
Mild allergic reactions, motion sickness, insomnia, severe anaphylactic reactions
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) SE
Drowsiness
Dizziness
Dry mouth
Urinary retention
Constipation
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) nursing consideration
Contraindications: closed angle glaucoma, cardiac disease, kidney disease, hypertension, bronchial asthma, COPD, PUD, seizures, BPH, & pregnancy (we are concerned about drug causing HTN)
Monitor closely for dizziness w/ ambulation
Avoid driving & activities that require alertness
what class are Ioratadine (Claritin), Fexofenadine (allegra) and Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
H1 blocker (non sedating)
H1 blocker (non sedating) MOA
Bind to H1 receptors & block histamine release
Ioratadine (Claritin), Fexofenadine (allegra) and Cetirizine (Zyrtec) indications
Allergic rhinitis, chronic idiopathic urticaria
Ioratadine (Claritin), Fexofenadine (allegra) and Cetirizine (Zyrtec) SE
little to no side effects
Ioratadine (Claritin), Fexofenadine (allegra) and Cetirizine (Zyrtec) nursing considerations
Contraindications: closed angle glaucoma, cardiac disease, kidney disease, hypertension, bronchial asthma, COPD, PUD, seizures, BPH, & pregnancy (we are concerned about drug causing HTN)
what class are Phenylephrine and Pseudoephedrine
Sympathomimetics (decongestant)
Sympathomimetics (decongestant) MOA
Mimics the action of SNS by activating alpha 1 adrenergic receptors causing vasoconstriction of blood vessels, causing nasal turbinates to shrink and open nasal passages
“dries you up”
Phenylephrine and Pseudoephedrine indication
Reduce nasal congestion, allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, the common cold
Phenylephrine and Pseudoephedrine SE
Agitation
Insomnia
Anxiety
Tachypnae
Heart palpitations
all bc of CNS stim
Phenylephrine and Pseudoephedrine nursing considerations
Do not use for more than 4 days & tapper off or will get rebound congestion
Sudafed has potential for abuse
what class are Dextromethorphan, Codeine
and Benzonatate
antitussive
Dextromethorphan, Codeine
and Benzonatate indication
Cough (acute or chronic)
antitussive MOA
Directly suppresses the cough reflex in the brain
Dextromethorphan, Codeine
and Benzonatate SE
CNS depression
Dextromethorphan, Codeine
and Benzonatate nursing consideration
Potential for abuse
do not take w/ other CNS depressants
what class is Guaifenesin (Mucinex)
expectorant
expectorant MOA
Reduction in surface tension of secretion helping thin the mucus which makes it easier to expectorate
Guaifenesin (Mucinex) indication
Decrease mucus in colds, bronchitis
Guaifenesin (Mucinex) SE
Mild GI distress
Guaifenesin (Mucinex) nursing consideration
Encourage fluids
Be cautious w/ pts with chronic cough or asthma
what class is Acetylcysteine
mucolytic
mucolytic MOA
Decreases viscosity of mucus making it easier to cough
Acetylcysteine indication
Bronchopulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis
Acetylcysteine SE
Bronchospasm
Acetylcysteine nursing consideration
Horrible smell
Monitor lung sounds
Neb treatment
