Peds exam 1 - Toddlers Flashcards
weight
5-6 lbs/yr
height
grows 5in/yr
head circumference
2.5 cm growth during 2nd yr
overall look of a toddler
pop-bellied, legs appear slightly bowed, lordosis, teeth coming in, flat feet
when does a toddler walk w/o help
by 15 months
what age can a toddler throw a ball
18 months
not refined
when can a child go up the stair and how so
24 months while doing a monkey crawl, uses hands (not safe by self)
3yr is when it is 1 foot
when should a child be able to pedal
3 years old
how do toddlers express autonomy
saying mine and no, wanting to be in control of what they eat and dressing themselves
what shape of peg can a 15 mo put into a board
a round peg
cannot do square bc corners
how many cubes can a toddler stack at 15mo, 18mo, 24mo & 3yr
-2
-3 to 4
-6 to 7
-9
when can a toddler copy a circle and a line
2 years old
draws a circle at 3
when can a toddler hold a spoon and then hold a spoon well
15 mo -> 18 mo
how many words can a toddler speak by 2 years of age
300 words (@1yr it was 5 words)
piaget! they can understand more than they can say which causes frustration & biting
how many words can a toddler put together
2 words
ex: “no mom” “lets go”
what causes a toddler stress
-separation from parents
-the dark
-loud noises
-certain people
-violence
-loss of security object
signs of stress in a toddler
-negativism
-regress
-rigidity
-lack of sociability
-tantrums
-self centeredness
more than usual
how do we prepare a child for an event
-tell the child about the event the number of days before as their age (3 yrs = 3 days before)
-if it is daycare, visit daycare first
of a toddlers language, how much is understandable
~65% (by someone who is not always around them)
if not, need speech
do toddlers share
no
play in a toddler
-parallel play
-imitation play (dress up, dishes, cleaning, running, sand boxes)
when should a child be potty trained
by age 3
sphincter control around 18 mo but child cannot understand, express or hold in the urge to go
piaget sensiomotor: phase 2
tertiary circular reactions
-applies knowledge and experience to new situations (ex: learns how to turn on a light and then turns them all on)
-13 to 18 mo
Piaget: egocentrism
-sees the world from their own eyes
-difficulty sharing
Piaget: Pre-Operation phase
-egocentric speech (repeating over and over)
-concerned w/ why and how
-3 to 7 yr
-use symbols
-can think about objects that aren’t present
-“my teddy bear is cold, he needs a blanket”
common concerns in toddlerhood
-sibling rivalry
-temper tantrums
-negativism
is it ok for children to hold their breath
yes, eventually they will pass out and start breathing
not ok to hit their head against things
