Med Surg diets Flashcards
foods high in iron (7)
liver
eggs
dried fruits
potatoes
legumes
dark leafy greens
whole grains/enriched grains
foods high in B12 (5)
red meats (esp liver)
fish
eggs
milk & dairy
enriched grains
foods high in folic acid (5)
green leafy vegetables
orange juice
whole grains
nuts
legumes
what food allergies increase a persons risk of having a latex allergy
bananas
avocados
chestnuts
kiwis
what are clear fluids
water
clear tea
black coffee
carbonated beverages
fruit juice w/o pulp
during post opt, what nutritions should be increased
CHO
proteins
kcals
vitamins
hydration
fruits high in potassium (10)
Prunes, dired fruits, raisins
cantaloupe & honeydew
orange & grapefruit
apricot
avocado
banana
vegetables high in potassium (10)
beans
butternut squash
greens (expect kale)
cooked broccoli
cooked spinach
raw carrots
canned mushrooms
potatoes
tomatoes + tomato products
vegetable juice
non F/v foods high in potassium (10)
bran
milk
nutritional supplements
yogurt
granola
chocolate
peanut butter
nuts & seeds
salt substitues
salt free broth
foods high in calcium (3)
dairy
leafy greens
oranges
foods high in magnesium (6)
green vegetables
bananas
oranges
nuts
peanut butter
chocolate
foods high in phosphate
dairy
DASH Diet
whole grains: 6-8 serving/d
fruits: 4-5 serving/d
vegetables: 4-5 serving/d
LF dairy: 2-3 servings/d
fats: 2-3 servings/d
lean meat: <6 servings/d
nuts/legumes: 4-5 serving/wk
sweets: <5 servings/wk
GERD nutritional therapy
-avoid spicy, acidic, chocolate, mint
-SFM w/ no fluids during
-stay upright after eating
-elevate HOB
-wt loss if indicated to dec intra abdominal pressure
managing dumping syndrome
- 6 small meals/d
- no fluids w/ meals
- avoid concentrated sweets
- protein/fats encouraged to promote rebuilding tissue post op
- rest period after eating
IBD nutritional therapy
NPO during flares
-inc kcals and protein
-dec residue (fiber)
-vitamin & iron supplements
no universal food triggers, personal
-might need to consider enteral feeds
diet to prevent diverticulitis
-high fiber
-low fat
-low red meat intake
-high PA
hepatitis diet
no special diet
well balanced w/ adequate calories
-possible may need to decrease fat & supplement vitamins B & K
no alcohol
cirrhosis diet
-high kcal
-high CHO
-mod/low fat
restrict protein only w/ severe encephalopathy
-sodium & fluid restriction if FVE/ascites
diet to manage varices
no ASA, alcohol, spicy foods, bulky foods
hepatic encephalopathy
restrict protein intake (20-40g/d)
increase kcal (mostly carbs)
diet for acute pancreatitis
NPO
prevention of exacerbations of chronic pancreatitis
-avoid caffeinated bevs & alcohol
-bland, low fat, high pro, high carb
-avoid spices
-SFM + high kcal snacks
-PERT
cholecystitis
avoid fatty foods
cholecystitis flare
NPO
how many calories does a person with chronic pancreatitis need
4000-6000 kcals
might need to consider TPN
acute pancreatitis diet interventions
NPO w/ oral care & NG to LWS
+aggressive IV fluids
Cushing’s disease diet
-increased protein & potassium
-decreased kcals & Na
DM diet
-Balanced w/ high fiber, low fat, low chol
-carbs should be grains, fruits, legumes & milk
-limit simple carbs (pasta & bread)
-carbs should be 45-65% of total daily intake
-protein should be 15-20%
-limit alc to 1/d for women & 2/d for men
overweight w/ gout diet
kcal restriction, inc protein, complex carbs & dec sat fat + dec sugar sweetened bevs & avoid flare foods like fatty meals, organ rich foods, beer and distilled spirits
