Med Surg diets

Question 1

foods high in iron (7)

Answer 1

liver
eggs
dried fruits
potatoes
legumes
dark leafy greens
whole grains/enriched grains

Question 2

foods high in B12 (5)

Answer 2

red meats (esp liver)
fish
eggs
milk & dairy
enriched grains

Question 3

foods high in folic acid (5)

Answer 3

green leafy vegetables
orange juice
whole grains
nuts
legumes

Question 4

what food allergies increase a persons risk of having a latex allergy

Answer 4

bananas
avocados
chestnuts
kiwis

Question 5

what are clear fluids

Answer 5

water
clear tea
black coffee
carbonated beverages
fruit juice w/o pulp

Question 6

during post opt, what nutritions should be increased

Answer 6

CHO
proteins
kcals
vitamins
hydration

Question 7

fruits high in potassium (10)

Answer 7

Prunes, dired fruits, raisins
cantaloupe & honeydew
orange & grapefruit
apricot
avocado
banana

Question 8

vegetables high in potassium (10)

Answer 8

beans
butternut squash
greens (expect kale)
cooked broccoli
cooked spinach
raw carrots
canned mushrooms
potatoes
tomatoes + tomato products
vegetable juice

Question 9

non F/v foods high in potassium (10)

Answer 9

bran
milk
nutritional supplements
yogurt
granola
chocolate
peanut butter
nuts & seeds
salt substitues
salt free broth

Question 10

foods high in calcium (3)

Answer 10

dairy
leafy greens
oranges

Question 11

foods high in magnesium (6)

Answer 11

green vegetables
bananas
oranges
nuts
peanut butter
chocolate

Question 12

foods high in phosphate

Answer 12

dairy

Question 13

DASH Diet

Answer 13

whole grains: 6-8 serving/d
fruits: 4-5 serving/d
vegetables: 4-5 serving/d
LF dairy: 2-3 servings/d
fats: 2-3 servings/d
lean meat: <6 servings/d
nuts/legumes: 4-5 serving/wk
sweets: <5 servings/wk

Question 14

GERD nutritional therapy

Answer 14

-avoid spicy, acidic, chocolate, mint
-SFM w/ no fluids during
-stay upright after eating
-elevate HOB
-wt loss if indicated to dec intra abdominal pressure

Question 15

managing dumping syndrome

Answer 15

• 6 small meals/d
• no fluids w/ meals
• avoid concentrated sweets
• protein/fats encouraged to promote rebuilding tissue post op
• rest period after eating

Question 16

IBD nutritional therapy

Answer 16

NPO during flares
-inc kcals and protein
-dec residue (fiber)
-vitamin & iron supplements
no universal food triggers, personal
-might need to consider enteral feeds

Question 17

diet to prevent diverticulitis

Answer 17

-high fiber
-low fat
-low red meat intake
-high PA

Question 18

hepatitis diet

Answer 18

no special diet
well balanced w/ adequate calories
-possible may need to decrease fat & supplement vitamins B & K
no alcohol

Question 19

cirrhosis diet

Answer 19

-high kcal
-high CHO
-mod/low fat
restrict protein only w/ severe encephalopathy
-sodium & fluid restriction if FVE/ascites

Question 20

diet to manage varices

Answer 20

no ASA, alcohol, spicy foods, bulky foods

Question 21

hepatic encephalopathy

Answer 21

restrict protein intake (20-40g/d)
increase kcal (mostly carbs)

Question 22

diet for acute pancreatitis

Answer 22

NPO

Question 23

prevention of exacerbations of chronic pancreatitis

Answer 23

-avoid caffeinated bevs & alcohol
-bland, low fat, high pro, high carb
-avoid spices
-SFM + high kcal snacks
-PERT

Question 24

cholecystitis

Answer 24

avoid fatty foods

Question 25

cholecystitis flare

Answer 25

NPO

Question 26

how many calories does a person with chronic pancreatitis need

Answer 26

4000-6000 kcals
might need to consider TPN

Question 27

acute pancreatitis diet interventions

Answer 27

NPO w/ oral care & NG to LWS
+aggressive IV fluids

Question 28

Cushing’s disease diet

Answer 28

-increased protein & potassium
-decreased kcals & Na

Question 29

DM diet

Answer 29

-Balanced w/ high fiber, low fat, low chol
-carbs should be grains, fruits, legumes & milk
-limit simple carbs (pasta & bread)
-carbs should be 45-65% of total daily intake
-protein should be 15-20%
-limit alc to 1/d for women & 2/d for men

Question 30

overweight w/ gout diet

Answer 30

kcal restriction, inc protein, complex carbs & dec sat fat + dec sugar sweetened bevs & avoid flare foods like fatty meals, organ rich foods, beer and distilled spirits