HLTH module 2 questions

Question 1

You are assessing an injured finger of a patient in your urgent care clinic. As you gently press on the injured area, the patient quickly pulls the finger away. The is a demonstration of?

Answer 1

flexor-withdrawal syndrome

Question 2

Intractable pain is best defined as:

Answer 2

severe pain that cannot be controlled by a medication

Question 3

As part of a fundraising program, you participate in a 5K run and find yourself very thirsty at the end of the race. You realize that, given the stress of the race, multiple factors are at work controlling your fluid balance, including a substance that determines the reabsorption of sodium ions and water from the kidney tubules. That substance is:

Answer 3

aldosterone

Question 4

Which one of the following terms refers to a combination of decreased circulating blood volume combined with excess fluid in a body cavity?

Answer 4

third-spacing

Question 5

Insensible fluid loss refers to water lost through:

Answer 5

perspiration and expiration

Question 6

Which one of the following would be considered normal serum pH?

Answer 6

7.4

Question 7

You are asked to see a patient who is complaining of an acute unilateral headache associated with numbness, paralysis, and visual disturbance. After a full assessment, you realize this is an example of:

Answer 7

complicated migraine

Question 8

Ibuprofen is classified as a NSAID and is particularly useful in treating

Answer 8

pain caused by inflammation

Question 9

Which of the following is characteristic of acute pain but not of chronic pain?

Answer 9

severe but short

Question 10

A serious consequence of a major disaster, first recognized in war veterans, is:

Answer 10

PTSD

Question 11

One of your patients has recently been diagnosed with muscular dystrophy and wants to talk about the course of his disease. He describes the conditions that follow general weakening and decreased use of muscles, including:

Answer 11

Flexor muscles are stronger than extensors, leading to contractures.

Question 12

Which of the following is likely to result from lead poisoning?

Answer 12

damage to the brain and peripheral nerves

Question 13

Which of the following gases remains bound to hemoglobin for significant periods of time and can eventually lead to death?

Answer 13

carbon monoxide

Question 14

Possible complications caused by prolonged, severe stress include: Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension, or Tension headache.

Answer 14

all of the above

Question 15

What do prolonged periods of immobility frequently lead to?
Orthostatic hypotension
Increased blood pressure and increased heart rate
Increased risk of both thrombi and emboli
Rapid, deep respirations

Answer 15

1 and 3

Question 16

Which one of the following would likely be related to an elevated hematocrit reading?

Answer 16

fluid deficit

Question 17

During your pediatric ICU rotation, you are taking care of a 12-year-old boy who has significant edema secondary to nephrotic syndrome. During rounds, the attending physician asks you to describe the forces at work regulating fluid in the patient’s body. You explain that one of the forces pushing fluid out of the vasculature is:

Answer 17

intravascular hydrostatic pressure

Question 18

The term “pica” refers to:

Answer 18

the consumption of non-food substances such as clay

Question 19

You are asked to see a patient who was brought in by a friend after sustaining an injury to his left lower leg in a soccer game. You look at the affected area, which is swollen and painful to the touch. You recall that this is an example of:

Answer 19

somatic pain

Question 20

A 12-year-old girl is brought to the ER by her mother. The girl has been complaining of significant abdominal pain since earlier in the morning, following a few days of increased fluid intake and urinary output. Her mother reports that she is breathing very fast and has a fruity smell to her breath. You immediately suspect diabetic ketoacidosis. While you are completing your assessment and initial intervention, you review the forces in play regarding the patient’s acid-base status. You realize that the primary assault on her acid-base status is due to the increased formation of ketone bodies, which leads to one of the following:

Answer 20

metabolic acidosis

Question 21

After a full assessment of a patient complaining of knee pain, you explain that the patient’s condition is actually located in his hip. You explain that this is an example of:

Answer 21

referred pain

Question 22

Which of the following frequently causes decubitus ulcers?

Answer 22

ischemia at pressure points

Question 23

You are explaining the different types of pain to a high school class interested in the health professions. You describe somatic pain as that in which:

Answer 23

pain stimulus that is easy to identify

Question 24

Bites from both wild and domesticated animals may cause:

Answer 24

rabies

Question 25

Prior to an examination block, one of your instructors meets with you to discuss the effects of stress on the body and how to prevent it from adversely affecting your life. During your meeting, she talks about a substance that is released and leads to both vasoconstriction and vasodilation, bronchodilation, CNS stimulation, and glycogenolysis, among other things. You recall that the substance is:

Answer 25

epinephrine

Question 26

What is/are the signs of hypothermia?

Answer 26

lethargy and confusion

Question 27

A 62-year-old woman is brought to your urgent care clinic by her daughter, who says her mother lost consciousness while rising from the couch after a family movie. You check the patient’s blood pressure while she is lying down, sitting, and standing and see significant decreases with each position change, suggesting the diagnosis of:

Answer 27

orthostatic hypotension

Question 28

A patient with a five-day history of vomiting is brought to the ER. You are concerned that excessive losses of gastric acid in the stool may have led to:

Answer 28

metabolic alkalosis

Question 29

A patient who has just sustained an ankle injury in a basketball game asks you how pain relievers work. You explain that aspirin (ASA), acetaminophen, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories act by:

Answer 29

blocking prostaglandin production

Question 30

A patient is complaining of back pain after a physical altercation in a local bar. Following a full assessment, you explain that the pain emanates from his kidney, which sustained damage from a punch. You point out that this type of pain is an example of:

Answer 30

visceral pain

Question 31

In a lecture, an instructor explains that the effects of the stress response include one of the following:

Answer 31

bronchodilation

Question 32

Choose the correct proportion of water to body weight to be expected in a healthy male adult’s body:

Answer 32

60%

Question 33

In the ER, you see a patient complaining of muscle twitching in her hands and contractions of her fingers, which you recognize as carpopedal spasms. She had just been discharged from the hospital following an operation to remove her thyroid gland due to cancer. Her surgeon was concerned about the functioning of her parathyroid glands following the surgery and asked her to return if she had any concerns. You order blood work, which confirms the diagnosis of:

Answer 33

hypocalcemia

Question 34

Which of the following is a typical sign of dehydration?

Answer 34

rough oral mucosa

Question 35

What is a major factor predisposing to pulmonary infection in immobilized patients?

Answer 35

stasis of secretions in the lungs

Question 36

You notice that the magnesium blood levels in a patient with renal failure whom you just admitted are abnormally high. Which one of the following clinical features might you expect to find?

Answer 36

decreased reflexes

Question 37

The major problem associated with immobility and the gastrointenstinal tract is:

Answer 37

constipation

Question 38

Institutions frequently have outbreaks of infection associated with poultry products contaminated by:

Answer 38

salmonella

Question 39

You are assessing a patient who has an upper motor neuron lesion. You bring the end of a reflex hammer along the lateral edge of the sole of the patient’s foot. His great toe dorsiflexes, and the toes fan out. This is a demonstration of:

Answer 39

babinski reflex

Question 40

Which of the following is a common cause of hyponatremia?

Answer 40

excessive sweating

Question 41

A 56-year-old woman presents with a painful rash over a well-defined area of her back. She reports that she had chicken pox (varicella zoster) as a child. You suspect this rash represents shingles (herpes zoster) and note the usefulness of dermatomes because:

Answer 41

They indicate the area of skin supplied with afferent fibers of a single posterior root.

Question 42

Bladder infections are more likely to develop in immobilized patients because of:

Answer 42

stasis of urine

Question 43

A headache that is related to changes in cerebral blood flow is classified as a/an _______ headache:

Answer 43

migraine

Question 44

One of your patients has recently been diagnosed with muscular dystrophy and wants to talk about the course of his disease. He describes the conditions that follow general weakening and decreased use of muscles, including:

Answer 44

fibrous tissue slowly replacing weakened muscles