Chapter 9: Diseases and Conditions of the Respiratory System: Diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the diagnosis of Common Cold/Upper Respiratory Traction Infection

A

symptoms described by patient; culture of nasal discharge and sputum may be needed

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2
Q

What is the diagnosis of Sinusitis

A

evaluating the findings of physical examination; sinuscopy;

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3
Q

What is the diagnosis of Pharyngitis

A

physical examination shows red, swollen mucous membranes; for chronic identify source

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4
Q

What is the diagnosis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

A

full clinical exam of head and neck and endoscopic examination; fine-needle aspiration biopsy

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5
Q

What is the diagnosis of Laryngitis

A

mildly or highly inflamed mucosa, and vocal cord movement may be limited

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6
Q

What is the diagnosis of Deviated Septum

A

nasal speculum to see if undetected

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7
Q

What is the diagnosis of Nasal Polyps

A

examines in the nose with nasal speculum; pearly gray lumps

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8
Q

What is the diagnosis of Anosmia

A

no physical abnormality or patient history reveals no cause; see neurologist then

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9
Q

What is the diagnosis of Epistaxis (Nosebleed)

A

history regarding frequency of nosebleeds, whether injury, or systemic disease present

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10
Q

What is the diagnosis of Tumors of the Larynx

A

otolaryngologist examines; biopsy to determine whether malignant

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11
Q

What is the diagnosis of Laryngeal Cancer

A

diagnosed early because of hoarseness occurs early; fiberoptic endoscopy aloows visualization of larynx

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12
Q

What is the diagnosis of Hemoptysis

A

determining source of bleeding; visual examination of nasopharynx; determine underlying cause

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13
Q

What is the diagnosis of Atelectasis

A

radiographic chest films; physical examination; CT scans; Bronchoscopy

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14
Q

What is the diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism

A

clinical picture along with history of physical immobility; lung scans; CT angiography

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15
Q

What is the diagnosis of Pneumonia

A

physical examination; ABG’s; bronchoscopy; sputum and culture

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16
Q

What is the diagnosis of Pulmonary Abscess

A

decreased breath sounds reveal on chest auscultation

17
Q

What is the diagnosis of Legionellosis (Legionnaires’ Disease and Pontiac Fever)

A

radiographic chest studies and testing of blood samples; culture from sputum to ID Legionella bacterium

18
Q

What is the diagnosis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus

A

lavage of nasal pharynx examined for presence of RSV

19
Q

What is the diagnosis of Histoplasmosis

A

positive skin test result; blood serologic findings specific for fungus; radiographic chest films

20
Q

What is the diagnosis of Influenza

A

similar to common cold, amount of time passed since onset is most important; may suspect TB

21
Q

What is the diagnosis of Acute and Chronic Bronchitis

A

basis of patient’s symptoms and history; radiographic chest studies, PFT’s, ABG’s

22
Q

What is the diagnosis of Bronchiectasis

A

radiographic chest films; high-resolution CT scan; PFT’s

23
Q

What is the diagnosis of Pulmonary Emphysema

A

clinical examination and thorough patient history; exposure to respiratory irratants and cigarette smoking lead to finding it; rhonchi experienced

24
Q

What is the diagnosis of Pneumoconiosis

A

patient history and physical examination; radiographic chest studies; PFT’s; ABG’s

25
What is the diagnosis of Pleurisy (Pleuritis)
symptoms, history, and physical examination; pleural rub on auscultation; Thoracostomy
26
What is the diagnosis of Pneumothorax
radiographic films show air in pleural cavity, collapsed portion of the lung, and mediastinal shift
27
What is the diagnosis of Hemothorax
breath sounds diminished or absent; radiographs show blood in pleural space; ABG shows respiratory failure
28
What is the diagnosis of Flail Chest
history of chest trauma and observing paradoxical movement of chest wall
29
What is the diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Mantoux test (purified protein derivative or PPD test)-standard test
30
What is the diagnosis of Infectious Mononucleosis: Epstein-Barr Virus Infection
examination of blood smear and immunologic study of blood serum; antinuclear antibody (ANA); EBV serology
31
What is the diagnosis of Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome
underlying cause such as trauma, pneumonia, fulminating sepsis, aspiration of gastric contents, hypovolemic shock, etc.
32
What is the diagnosis of Sarcoidosis
difficult to detect; laboratory tests and pulmonary function studies are helpful; biopsy of affected tissue confirms
33
What is the diagnosis of Lung Cancer
symptomatic at time of diagnosis; sputum cytology analysis that is positive for malignant cells is useful for diagnosis