Chapter 13: Neurologic Diseases and Conditions: Terms Flashcards
occurs when the brain is damaged by a sudden disruption in the flow of blood to part of the brain or by bleeding inside the head
Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke)
are temporary episodes with a duration of less than 24 hours of impaired neurologic functioning caused by an inadequate flow of blood to a portion of the brain
Transient Ischemic Attack
collection or mass of blood that forms between the skull and the dura mater, the outermost of the three meningeal layers
Epidural and Subdural Hematoma
is a possible bruising of the cerebral tissue that is caused by back and forth movement of the head, as in an acceleration-deceleration insult
Cerebral Concussion
is more serious than a concussion. injury to the brain involves bruising of tissue along or just beneath the surface of the brain and also may be termed a countrecoup insult t
Cerebral Contusion
occurs with a break or fracture in one of the bones of the cranium
Depressed Skull Fracture
affect the innervation of any spinal nerves distal to the point of insult.
Paraplegia and Quadriplegia
degeneration or deterioration of an intervertebral disk may result in pain in the areas served by the spinal nerves of the involved disk space
Degenerative Disk Disease
also known as a ruptured or slipped disk, is the rupture of the nucleus pulpous through the annular wall of the disk and into the spinal canal
Herniated and Bulging Disk
is a pathological condition. brought about by trauma, degeneration, or rupture of the nucleus pulposus within intervertebral disks L4 through S3.
Sciatic Nerve Injury–Spinal Stenosis
is pain in the head that is not confined to any one specific nerve distribution area
Headache
severe headaches that may be completely incapacitating and almost always are accompanied by other symptoms, such as nausea and vomiting, anorexia, intense hemicranial or bilateral throbbing pain, and visual signs and symptoms, are known as
Migraine
chronic brain disorder, characterized by sudden episodes of abnormal intense electrical activity in the brain, which result in seizure activity
Epilepsy/A Seizure Disorder
common, slowly progressive neurologic disorder characterized by the onset of recognizable disturbances: a “pill-rolling” tremor of the thumb and forefinger, muscular rigidity, slowness of movement, and postural instability
Parkinson’s Disease
is a hereditary degenerative disease of the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia; progressive atrophy of the brain occurs
Huntington’s Chorea
is a progressive, destructive motor neuron disease that results in muscular atrophy. also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
is a neurological condition typified by an overwhelming urger to move the legs
Restless Legs Syndrome
although frightening and anxiety provoking, usually is a benign event. event is transient or temporary, having a destruction of 1 to 6 hours. memory disturbances are involved
Transient Global Amnesia
is a degeneration of the peripheral nerves
Peripheral Neuritis/Neuropathy
is pain of the area innervated by the fifth cranial nerve, the trigeminal nerve
Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic Douloureux)
is a disorder of the facial nerve (seventh cranial nerve) that causes a sudden onset of weakness or paralysis of facial muscles
Bell’s Palsy
inflammation of the meninges, the membranous coverings of the brain, and spinal cord
Meningitis
inflammation of the brain tissue
Encephalitis
is an acute, rapidly progressive disease of the spinal Nerves
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
collection of pus, can occur anywhere in the brain tissue
Brain Abscess
is a viral infection of the anterior horn cells of the gray matter of the spinal cord and causes selective destruction of motor neurons
Poliomyelitis and Postpolio Syndrome
can be primary tumors, neoplasms that originate in the brain itself
Intracranial Tumors (Brain Tumors)
