Chapter 13: Neurologic Diseases and Conditions: Overview Flashcards

1
Q

the nervous system is composed of what two divisions

A

central nervous system (CNS)

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

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2
Q

includes the brain and spinal cord

A

central nervous system (CNS)

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3
Q

structures of the brain that control the intellectual functions of thinking, willing, remembering, and deciding, and those that control personality, are located

A

frontal lobe of the cerebrum

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4
Q

equilibrium, coordination, and posture are located

A

cerebellum

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5
Q

regulates the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland and regulates many visceral activities

A

hypothalamus

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6
Q

vital centers that help regulate heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration

A

medulla oblongata

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7
Q

vast network of nerves throughout the rest of the body is

A

peripheral nervous system

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8
Q

transmits impulses toward the CNS

A

sensory (afferent) nerves

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9
Q

transmit impulses away from the CNS and produce responses in muscles and glands

A

Motor (efferent) nerves

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10
Q

how many pair of cranial nerves are there

A

12

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11
Q

how many pair of spinal nerves are there

A

31

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12
Q

carotid arteries (two internal and two external) originate from the two common carotid arteries and are located in the anterior portion of the neck; the two vertebral arteries join with the cerebral arteries and posterior cerebral arteries and the two anterior and posterior communicating arteries to form

A

Circle of Willis

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13
Q

left brain damage results in

A

right side paralysis
speech and memory deficits
cautious and slow behavior

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14
Q

right brain damage results in

A

left side paralysis
perceptual and memory deficits
quick and impulsive behavior

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15
Q

patient’s mental status may be graded with

A

Glasgow coma scale

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16
Q

abnormal structures of blood vessels.

A

arteriovenous malformations

17
Q

is an abnormal localized weakening, thinning, or dilation of the wall of a cerebral artery or vein resulting in a ballooning of the blood vessel

A

cerebral aneurysm

18
Q

injuries where the cranial vault is not violated are types of closed head injuries;

A

concussion and contusion

19
Q

fracture of the bones of the floor of the cranial vault

A

basilar skull fracture

20
Q

branch of rehabilitative health used to help patients maintain or restore their physical abilities

A

physical therapy