Chapter 5: Diseases and Disorders of the Eye and Ear: Diagnosis

Question 1

What is the diagnosis of Presbyopia

Answer 1

tests for visual acuity and refraction to diagnose

Question 2

What is the diagnosis of Nystagmus

Answer 2

clinically by external examination of eyes and observation of movements

Question 3

What is the diagnosis of Strabismus

Answer 3

physician performs complete ophthalmic exam and orders tests for underlying cause

Question 4

What is the diagnosis of Hordeolum (Stye)

Answer 4

visual examination alone

Question 5

What is the diagnosis of Chalazion

Answer 5

visual examination and patient history

Question 6

What is the diagnosis of Keratitis

Answer 6

examining cornea using a slit lamp confirms; indicate URI

Question 7

What is the diagnosis of Blepharitis

Answer 7

visual examination of eyelids; presence of collarettes (tiny scales)

Question 8

What is the diagnosis of Entropion

Answer 8

lashes are visible on conjunctiva by examination

Question 9

What is the diagnosis of Ectropion

Answer 9

visual examination

Question 10

What is the diagnosis of Blepharoptosis

Answer 10

blood tests and imaging to rule out underlying disease; obvious by looking

Question 11

What is the diagnosis of Conjunctivitis

Answer 11

examination reveals inflammation of the conjunctiva

Question 12

What is the diagnosis of Corneal Abrasion or Ulcer

Answer 12

presence of characteristic symptoms as well as by a visual examination; stain with fluorescein; opaque area

Question 13

What is the diagnosis of Episcleritis/Scleritis

Answer 13

blood tests to determine underlying causes; ultrasound, MRI to identify underlying cause

Question 14

What is the diagnosis of Cataract

Answer 14

ophthalmoscopy with dilation of eye and a slit-lamp examination

Question 15

What Is the diagnosis of Chronic Open-Angle Glaucoma

Answer 15

ophthalmic exam with tonometry; examining optic nerve

Question 16

What is the diagnosis of Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma

Answer 16

substantial intraocular pressure; use goniolens to determine open or closed

Question 17

What is the diagnosis of Macular Degeneration

Answer 17

thorough exam by an ophthalmologist with dilated; pigment changes in macular area and drusen deposits

Question 18

What is the diagnosis Diabetic Retinopathy

Answer 18

opthalmoscopic examination detects retinal effects of diabetes

Question 19

What is the diagnosis of Retinal Detachment

Answer 19

ophthalmoscopic examination readily reveals the retinal detachment

Question 20

What is the diagnosis of Uveitis

Answer 20

slit lamp examination; sometimes skin tests for TB; toxoplasmosis

Question 21

What is the diagnosis of Exophthalmos

Answer 21

ophthalmic exam obvious; determine underlying cause

Question 22

What is the diagnosis of Cancer of the Eye

Answer 22

routine eye exam; ultrasound; funduscopic examination and MRI

Question 23

What is the diagnosis of Impacted Cerumen

Answer 23

otologic examination, and patient history

Question 24

What is the diagnosis of Infective Otitis Externa

Answer 24

otologic examination, and patient history; bacterial culture if caused by bacteria

Question 25

What is the diagnosis of Swimmer's Ear

Answer 25

otologic examination, and patient history; bacterial culture if caused by bacteria

Question 26

What is the diagnosis of Otitis Media

Answer 26

otoscopy revelas presence of fluid-filled middle ear; audiometry determine if any hearing loss

Question 27

What is the diagnosis of Otosclerosis

Answer 27

audiogram, patient history, and otoscopy

Question 28

What is the diagnosis of Meniere's Disease

Answer 28

presence of four core symptoms: recurring vertigo, tinnitus, progressive hearing loss, sensation of fullness (aural fullness) in ear

Question 29

What is the diagnosis of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV)

Answer 29

history and examination; false sensation of room spinning or patient spinning, nystagmus

Question 30

What is the diagnosis of Labyrinthitis

Answer 30

results of several tests: audiometry and blood, neurologic, caloric, imaging studies

Question 31

What is the diagnosis of Ruptured Tympanic Membrane (Ruptured Eardrum)

Answer 31

visual examination of ear with otoscope; purulent drainage present

Question 32

What is the diagnosis of Cholesteatoma

Answer 32

otoscopy, and audiometry; culture of drainage for effective treatment

Question 33

What is the diagnosis of Mastoiditis

Answer 33

history, otoscopy, audiomety, radiographic studies; blood and culture studies

Question 34

What is the diagnosis of Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Answer 34

audiometry findings; finding underlying cause if there is one

Question 35

What is the diagnosis of Cancer of the Ear

Answer 35

symptoms lead to diagnosis; biopsy to confirm nature of lesion; CT and MRI to evaluate extent