Chapter 14: Mental Disorders: Terms Flashcards
developmental disability, is not a disease but a wide range of conditions with many causes. interferes with the developmental process, resulting in changes in the acquisition of intellectual skills and adaptive functioning in a variety of areas, including social and interpersonal skills
Mental Retardation
sometimes referred to as learning differences, are conditions that cause children to learn in a manner that is not normal
Learning Disorders
a phonological or communication disorder, is defined as frequent repetitions or prolongations of sounds or syllables.
Stuttering
is a syndrome of extreme withdrawal and obsessive behavior. onset in infancy, and manifestations are apparent by the second or third year of age
Autistic Disorder (Autism)
condition of persistent inattention leading to hyperactivity and impulsivity
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
is a behavior disorder in which children demonstrate behaviors that are oppositional toward adults. most common referral complain to counselor and a major source of family stress
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
also known as Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome, is a syndrome of multiple motor tics coupled with one or more vocal tics, which may appear simultaneously or at different times
Tourette’s Disorder
brings a progressive, general deterioration of mental faculties, including deterioration of perceiving, thinking, and remembering
Dementia
is a progressive degenerative disease of the brain that produces a typical profile of lost mental and physical functioning
Alzheimer’s Disease
reduction in blood flow to the brain can result from narrowed and stenosed arteries. resulting hypoxia and reduced nourishment to the brain cells cause a general loss of intellectual abilities
Vascular Dementia
insult causing reduced blood flow to the cerebrum may result in. results in death of brain cells
Dementia Caused by Head Trauma
disorder of physical and psychological dependence on daily or regular excessive intake of alcoholic beverages
Alcohol Abuse or Alcoholism
major psychiatric disturbance, is a group of disorders that may result in chronic mental dysfunction, producing varying degrees of impairment; split mind
Schizophrenia
is a major affective disorder with abnormally intense mood swings from a hyperactive, or manic, state to a depressive syndrome
Bipolar Disorder
mood disorder characterized by one or more major depressive episodes. no history of manic or hypomanic episode
Major Depressive Disorder
common form of psychological disorder. regularly experience excessive levels of anxiety. often inappropriate to the situation
Anxiety Disorder
marked by excessive, persistent, and irrational fear and the avoidance of the phobic stimulus
Phobic Disorder
is marked by the presence of obsessions (persistent unwanted thoughts) and compulsions (persistent urger to carry out specific actions)
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
is a delayed response to an external traumatic event that produces signs and symptoms of extreme distress
Post traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
known as Briquet’s syndrome. multi symptomatic, occurring before the age of 30
Somatization Disorder
formerly termed hysteria. anxiety is changed to a physical or somatic symptom. too difficult to face, and as a defense mechanism, the physical symptoms all the person to escape or avoid a stressful situation
Conversion Disorder
is manifested by pain that causes significant distress and physical and social impairment
Pain Disorder
preoccupied with fear of having a serious disease. this excessive fear despite negative medical tests and reassurance that there is no clinical basis for the symptoms
Hypochondriasis
factitious disorder, occurs when the patient simulates symptoms of illness present for no apparent reason other than treatment
Munchausen’s Syndrome and Munchausen’s Syndrome by Proxy
are conditions in which an individual feels a powerful connection with the opposite sex and wants to be the other sex
Gender Identity Disorders
experiencing people have difficulty in falling asleep and/or staying asleep
Insomnia
group of sleep disorders that include sleepwalking, night terrors, and nightmares
Parasomnias
irresistible daytime sleep episodes, can have a duration of a few seconds to a half hour
Narcolepsy
is intermittent short periods of breathing cessation during sleep
Sleep Apnea
is a pattern of behavior that deviates from society’s norms
Personality Disorder
pattern of behavior cause frequent conflicts with societal values. emerges by 15 years of age
Antisocial Disorder
should be assessed and distinguished from delusional disorders and psychotic disorders. antisocial disorder
Cluster A
do not trust others and are suspicious of others. they assume others will exploit, him, or deceive them
Paranoid Personality Disorder (PPD)
appear to lack, or show emotions of, pleasure or pain. tend to be loners and do not enjoy relationships with others
Schizoid Personality Disorder (SPD)
are similar to those with schizoid personality disorder in that they have difficultly with social relationships, however, typically have ideas of reference; they may be superstitious or preoccupied with paranoid phenomena
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
have disregard for, and tend to violate, the rights of others. fail to conform to societal norms and often engage in behavior that could be grounds for arrest
Antisocial Personality Disorder
has a pattern of unstable interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects (feelings)
Borderline Personality Disorder
display overly dramatic and theatrical mannerisms. conscious or unconscious pervasive need to be the center of attention
Histrionic Disorder
demonstrates pathologic self-love or grandiose self-admiration
Narcissistic Disorder
avoids any social situation because of fears of criticism, disproval, or rejection
Avoidant Personality Disorder
have a pattern of excessively relying on others to make decisions for them
Dependent Personality Disorder
have an extreme pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfection, and mental and interpersonal control
Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder
