Chapter 8: Diseases and Conditions of the Digestive System: Diagnosis Flashcards
What is the diagnosis of Missing Teeth
oral examination radiographic film of mouth
What is the diagnosis of Impacted Third Molars
radiographic studies to determine teeth position
What is the diagnosis of Dental Caries
examines for signs of cavity and radiograph to determine extent of decay
What is the diagnosis of Discolored Teeth
oral examination; medications, illness, and teeth trauma history
What is the diagnosis of Gingivitis
symptoms develop a dentist should be seen to confirm
What is the diagnosis of Periodontitis
depth of pockets for stage and obtains radiographs
What is the diagnosis of Oral Tumors
lump, ulcer or color change that doesn’t change within 10 days; physician diagnosis by observation
What is the diagnosis of Malocclusion
visual examinaton and radiographic studies
What is the diagnosis of Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Syndrome
oral examination; radiographic studies including CT and MRI; previous trauma or fracture facial bones
What is the diagnosis of Tooth Abscesses
if signs and sympotoms present see dentist to diagnose
What is the diagnosis of Mouth Ulcers
if they do not heal within 10 days consult dentist; if caused by trauma the cause should be found and corrected
What is the diagnosis of Herpes Simplex (Cold Sores)
oral examination
What is the diagnosis of Thrush
oral examination; laboratory analysis of sample from lesion;
What is the diagnosis of Necrotizing Periodontal Disease
oral examination; hroat culture and blood work to rule out serious ilness
What is the diagnosis of Oral Leukoplakia
not cleared in 2 to 3 weeks biopsy needed to determine if cancerous
What is the diagnosis of Oral Cancer
dentists office by examination; brush or excisional biopsy
What is the diagnosis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
barium Swallow; Esophagoscopy or EGD
What is the diagnosis of Esophageal Varices
clinical picture and history of hepatic disease; endoscopy
What is the diagnosis of Esophagitis
radiograph of upper GI tract or esophagoscopy
What is the diagnosis of Esophageal Cancer
screenings of high-risk individuals during endoscopy; biopsy to confirm; endoscopic ultrasound if no metastasis
What is the diagnosis of Gastric and Duodenal Peptic Ulcers
barium radiographs of upper GI tract; studies to identify H. Pylori;
What is the diagnosis of Gastritis
gastroscopy; positive fecal occult blood tests
What is the diagnosis of Gastric Cancer
upper GI endoscopy with biopsy
What is the diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis
differential diagnosis to rule out other causes; tenderness at McBurney’s point
What is the diagnosis of Hiatal Hernia
show on radiograph; barium radiographic study of esophagus and stomach; endoscopy
What is the diagnosis of Abdominal Hernia
palpated for size and inspected; listen for bowel sounds; valsalva manuever in males
What is the diagnosis of Crohn’s Disease (Regional Enteritis)
symptoms, radiographic studies, colonoscopy, and enterscopy; reveal diseased segments, “skip lesions”
What is the diagnosis of Ulcerative Colitis
stool guaiac posititve; barium enema and colonoscopy
What is the diagnosis of Gastroenteritis
medical history in what cause; stool inspected; endoscopy
What is the diagnosis of Intestinal Obstruction
X-ray studies with barium or gastrografin contrast show point of obstruction
What is the diagnosis of Diverticulosis (Diverticular Disease)
clinical picture and an air-contrast barium enema graphic study or colonoscopy
What is the diagnosis of Diverticulitis
history and physical exam; CT scan; don’t use barium enema or colonoscopy to diagnose
What is the diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer
detected with screening program; colonoscopy
What is the diagnosis of Pseudomembranous Enterocolitis
C. difficile toxin is found in the stool or a rectal biopsy shows pseudomembranous enterocolitis
What is the diagnosis of Short-Bowel Syndrome
patient history; tests show abnormal electrolyte levels, pH disturbance, and anemia
What is the diagnosis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
history, physical exam, and tests to exclude organic disease;
What is the diagnosis of Peritonitis
elevated WBC count; gaseous distention of the bowel; CT
What is the diagnosis of Hemorrhoids
visual inspection of the anal area and proctoscopy
What is the diagnosis of Cirrhosis of the Liver
physical examination liver feels enlarged; palpable blunt edge; blood tests
What is the diagnosis of Hepatitis A
hepatitis profile; increase ALT and AST
What is the diagnosis of Hepatitis B
detection of HBsAG in blood; patient history (drug needles, etc)
What is the diagnosis of Hepatitis C
blood test-presence of anti-HCV antibodies
What is the diagnosis of Cancer of the Liver
suspected in cirrhosis patient; alpha-fetoprotien (AFP) in serum
What is the diagnosis of Cholelithiasis (Gallstones)
clinical picture and ultrasonography of gallbladder and biliary ducts
What is the diagnosis of Cholecystitis
clinical picture and ultrasound; HIDDA scan
What is the diagnosis of Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis
dramatically elevation of serum amylase and lipase levels; elevated WBC and hematocrit
What is the diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer
difficult to detect; radiographically and histologically; tumor marker for pancreas above 37 units
What is the diagnosis of Malnutrition
physical examination with attention to weight, body fat, and muscle mass
What is the diagnosis of Malabsorption Syndrome
blood tests to determine levels of proteins, fats, and minerals
What is the diagnosis of Celiac Disease (Gluten Enteropathy)
three criteria- positive serologic testing, biopsy of small intestine showing changes or destruction of mucosal lining; improvement on glutten free diet
What is the diagnosis of Food Poisoning
patient history important to finding cause; blood culture reveals parasites or baceteria
What is the diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa
loss of significant weight; appear emaciated, have intense fear of weight gain; irregular menstruation
What is the diagnosis of Bulimia
increased loss of electrolytes; metabolic acidosis; loss of muscle mass; cardiac irregularities possible
What is the diagnosis of Motion Sickness
based all on clinical picture
