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PathMad > Chapter 8: Diseases and Conditions of the Digestive System: Diagnosis > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Diseases and Conditions of the Digestive System: Diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the diagnosis of Missing Teeth

A

oral examination radiographic film of mouth

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2
Q

What is the diagnosis of Impacted Third Molars

A

radiographic studies to determine teeth position

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3
Q

What is the diagnosis of Dental Caries

A

examines for signs of cavity and radiograph to determine extent of decay

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4
Q

What is the diagnosis of Discolored Teeth

A

oral examination; medications, illness, and teeth trauma history

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5
Q

What is the diagnosis of Gingivitis

A

symptoms develop a dentist should be seen to confirm

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6
Q

What is the diagnosis of Periodontitis

A

depth of pockets for stage and obtains radiographs

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7
Q

What is the diagnosis of Oral Tumors

A

lump, ulcer or color change that doesn’t change within 10 days; physician diagnosis by observation

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8
Q

What is the diagnosis of Malocclusion

A

visual examinaton and radiographic studies

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9
Q

What is the diagnosis of Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Syndrome

A

oral examination; radiographic studies including CT and MRI; previous trauma or fracture facial bones

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10
Q

What is the diagnosis of Tooth Abscesses

A

if signs and sympotoms present see dentist to diagnose

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11
Q

What is the diagnosis of Mouth Ulcers

A

if they do not heal within 10 days consult dentist; if caused by trauma the cause should be found and corrected

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12
Q

What is the diagnosis of Herpes Simplex (Cold Sores)

A

oral examination

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13
Q

What is the diagnosis of Thrush

A

oral examination; laboratory analysis of sample from lesion;

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14
Q

What is the diagnosis of Necrotizing Periodontal Disease

A

oral examination; hroat culture and blood work to rule out serious ilness

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15
Q

What is the diagnosis of Oral Leukoplakia

A

not cleared in 2 to 3 weeks biopsy needed to determine if cancerous

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16
Q

What is the diagnosis of Oral Cancer

A

dentists office by examination; brush or excisional biopsy

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17
Q

What is the diagnosis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

A

barium Swallow; Esophagoscopy or EGD

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18
Q

What is the diagnosis of Esophageal Varices

A

clinical picture and history of hepatic disease; endoscopy

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19
Q

What is the diagnosis of Esophagitis

A

radiograph of upper GI tract or esophagoscopy

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20
Q

What is the diagnosis of Esophageal Cancer

A

screenings of high-risk individuals during endoscopy; biopsy to confirm; endoscopic ultrasound if no metastasis

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21
Q

What is the diagnosis of Gastric and Duodenal Peptic Ulcers

A

barium radiographs of upper GI tract; studies to identify H. Pylori;

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22
Q

What is the diagnosis of Gastritis

A

gastroscopy; positive fecal occult blood tests

23
Q

What is the diagnosis of Gastric Cancer

A

upper GI endoscopy with biopsy

24
Q

What is the diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis

A

differential diagnosis to rule out other causes; tenderness at McBurney’s point

25
Q

What is the diagnosis of Hiatal Hernia

A

show on radiograph; barium radiographic study of esophagus and stomach; endoscopy

26
Q

What is the diagnosis of Abdominal Hernia

A

palpated for size and inspected; listen for bowel sounds; valsalva manuever in males

27
Q

What is the diagnosis of Crohn’s Disease (Regional Enteritis)

A

symptoms, radiographic studies, colonoscopy, and enterscopy; reveal diseased segments, “skip lesions”

28
Q

What is the diagnosis of Ulcerative Colitis

A

stool guaiac posititve; barium enema and colonoscopy

29
Q

What is the diagnosis of Gastroenteritis

A

medical history in what cause; stool inspected; endoscopy

30
Q

What is the diagnosis of Intestinal Obstruction

A

X-ray studies with barium or gastrografin contrast show point of obstruction

31
Q

What is the diagnosis of Diverticulosis (Diverticular Disease)

A

clinical picture and an air-contrast barium enema graphic study or colonoscopy

32
Q

What is the diagnosis of Diverticulitis

A

history and physical exam; CT scan; don’t use barium enema or colonoscopy to diagnose

33
Q

What is the diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer

A

detected with screening program; colonoscopy

34
Q

What is the diagnosis of Pseudomembranous Enterocolitis

A

C. difficile toxin is found in the stool or a rectal biopsy shows pseudomembranous enterocolitis

35
Q

What is the diagnosis of Short-Bowel Syndrome

A

patient history; tests show abnormal electrolyte levels, pH disturbance, and anemia

36
Q

What is the diagnosis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

A

history, physical exam, and tests to exclude organic disease;

37
Q

What is the diagnosis of Peritonitis

A

elevated WBC count; gaseous distention of the bowel; CT

38
Q

What is the diagnosis of Hemorrhoids

A

visual inspection of the anal area and proctoscopy

39
Q

What is the diagnosis of Cirrhosis of the Liver

A

physical examination liver feels enlarged; palpable blunt edge; blood tests

40
Q

What is the diagnosis of Hepatitis A

A

hepatitis profile; increase ALT and AST

41
Q

What is the diagnosis of Hepatitis B

A

detection of HBsAG in blood; patient history (drug needles, etc)

42
Q

What is the diagnosis of Hepatitis C

A

blood test-presence of anti-HCV antibodies

43
Q

What is the diagnosis of Cancer of the Liver

A

suspected in cirrhosis patient; alpha-fetoprotien (AFP) in serum

44
Q

What is the diagnosis of Cholelithiasis (Gallstones)

A

clinical picture and ultrasonography of gallbladder and biliary ducts

45
Q

What is the diagnosis of Cholecystitis

A

clinical picture and ultrasound; HIDDA scan

46
Q

What is the diagnosis of Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis

A

dramatically elevation of serum amylase and lipase levels; elevated WBC and hematocrit

47
Q

What is the diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer

A

difficult to detect; radiographically and histologically; tumor marker for pancreas above 37 units

48
Q

What is the diagnosis of Malnutrition

A

physical examination with attention to weight, body fat, and muscle mass

49
Q

What is the diagnosis of Malabsorption Syndrome

A

blood tests to determine levels of proteins, fats, and minerals

50
Q

What is the diagnosis of Celiac Disease (Gluten Enteropathy)

A

three criteria- positive serologic testing, biopsy of small intestine showing changes or destruction of mucosal lining; improvement on glutten free diet

51
Q

What is the diagnosis of Food Poisoning

A

patient history important to finding cause; blood culture reveals parasites or baceteria

52
Q

What is the diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa

A

loss of significant weight; appear emaciated, have intense fear of weight gain; irregular menstruation

53
Q

What is the diagnosis of Bulimia

A

increased loss of electrolytes; metabolic acidosis; loss of muscle mass; cardiac irregularities possible

54
Q

What is the diagnosis of Motion Sickness

A

based all on clinical picture

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