Chapter 3: Immunologic Diseases and Conditions: Overview Flashcards

1
Q

responsible for the complex response to the invasion of the body by foreign substances

A

immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

primary lymphoid tissue is

A

thymus gland

bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

secondary lymphoid tissue is

A
tonsils 
adenoids 
spleen 
Peter's patches
Appendix
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

immune system reacts appropriately to an antigen and homeostasis is maintained is termed

A

immunocompetent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

immune system does not react appropriately to an antigen and there is a disruption to homeostasis

A

immunoincompetence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is hyperactive responses in the immune system

A

allergies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is it in which the immune response is inadequate

A

immunodeficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is in which the immune response is misdirected against one’s own tissues

A

autoimmune

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

an example of attacks on beneficial foreign tissue

A

blood transfusion reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

an anti rejection drug is termed; suppress the production of antibodies to the foreign tissue proteins

A

immunosuppressive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

a graft of tissue between two genetically dissimilar individuals of the same species

A

homografts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

reaction occurs during the operation

A

hyperacute reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

reaction occurs most often within the first few weeks of transplantation

A

acute rejection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

evolves slowly over a period of months or years. deterioration of transplanted organ

A

chronic rejection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

bodies first line of defense

A

skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

usually a protein, as foreign, or non-self

A

immunogen or antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the three cells in non-specific defense

A

natural killer (NK) cells
Macrophages
polymorphonuclear neutrophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

kill virus infected cells and tumor cells by secreting certain toxins

A

Natural killer (NK) cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

phagocytose bacteria, virus, and other foreign substances

A

macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

also phagocytose bacteria; simply neutrophils

A

polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

stem cells from the thymus gland become

A

T-lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

directly destroy virus-infected cells, tumor cells, and allograft cells by releasing certain toxins or by inducing apoptosis

A

Cytotoxic T cells (killer T cells) (CD8)

23
Q

stimulate the B cells to differentiate into plasma cells and to produce more antibodies; activate cytotoxic t cells

A

Helper T cells (CD4)

24
Q

inhibit both B and T cell activities and moderate the immune response

A

Suppressor T cells

25
remain dormant until they are reactivated by the original antigen; allow a more rapid and more potent response years after original exposure
Memory T cells
26
cell-mediated immunity involves what cells
T-cells
27
develop from monocytes and are phagocytic
macrophages
28
defends the body against viral and fungal attacks, mediates graft rejection and tumor cell destruction, and helps or suppresses an antibody-mediated response to infection
cell-mediated immunity
29
protects the body against bacterial and viral infections and reinfections
anti-body mediated immunity
30
anti-body mediated immunity involves what cells
B-cells
31
what are the two types of B-cells
anti-body secreting plasma cells | memory B cells
32
what does actions of he antigen-antibody complex do
inactivation of the pathogen | stimulation of phagocytosis
33
major antibody in primary and secondary immune responses; inactivates antigen; neutralizes toxins; crosses placenta to provide immunity for newborn; responsible for Rh reactions
IgG
34
where are IgG located
blood plasma
35
protects mucous membranes on body surfaces; provides immunity for newborns
IgA
36
where are IgA located
saliva, mucus, tears, breast milk
37
causes antigens to clump together; responsible for transfusion reactions in the ABO blood typing system
IgM
38
where are IgM located
B-cells; released in plasma during immune response;
39
receptor site for antigens on B cells; binding with antigen results in B-cella activation
IgD
40
where are IgD located
B-cells
41
binds to mast cells and basophils, causing release of histamine; allergic reactions
IgE
42
where are IgE located
produced by plasma cells in mucous membranes and tonsils
43
results when a person has had previous exposure to a disease or pathogen, or when a person receives immunization against a disease to stimulate production of a specific antibody
active immunity
44
bypasses the body's immune response to afford the benefit of immediate antibody availability
passive immunity
45
natural active immunity includes
contracting the disease and produce memory cells; chickenpox
46
artificial active immunity includes
receiving a vaccination
47
passive natural immunity includes
maternal antibodies from placenta; breast milk
48
passive artificial immunity includes
receive antiserum with antibodies from another host; anti-venom
49
increase susceptibility to other diseases that usually a normal healthy person can't contract
opportunistic infections
50
lung infection associated with AIDS
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
51
of the two pathogens: blood borne and airborne which more easily spreads
airborne
52
medical doctor who specializes in the nonsurgical treatment of rheumatic illnesses, especially arthritis
rheumatologist
53
connective tissue is made of
collagen