Chapter 13: Neurologic Diseases and Conditions: Diagnosis Flashcards
What is diagnosis of Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke)
physical exam; confirmed by MRI, CT, cerebral angioscopy, or EEG
What is diagnosis of Transiet Ischemic Attack
physical exam and history; determine source of possible embolus; CT, MRI scan
What is diagnosis of Epidural and Subdural Hematomas
history of recent head trauma and clinical findings; CT and cerebral arteriogram locate the hematoma
What is diagnosis of Cerebral Concussion
complete neurologic examination, along with history; CT scan shows no evidence of damage
What is diagnosis of Cerebral Contusion
neurologic examination is necessary; CT scan reveals location and extent
What is diagnosis of Depressed Skull Fracture
physical examinations reveals a defect in skull
What is diagnosis of Paraplegia and Quadriplegia
neurologic functioning assessment; spinal radiographs, CT determine extent of injury
What is diagnosis of Degenerative Disk Disease
clinical findings and history lead to MRI and myelogram to show disk status
What is diagnosis of Hernaited and Bulging Disk
back exam to rule out other causes; lumbar if sciatic pain; myelogram or CT to confirm
What is diagnosis of Sciatic Nerve Injury–Spinal Stenosis
MRI; spinal radiographic films; blood serum studies; EMG
What is diagnosis of Headache
history is vitally important in identifyng patternto headaches and helpful in detecting underlying cause
What is diagnosis of Migraine
recurring, severe headaches, proceded by combination of signs and symptoms
What is diagnosis of Epilepsy/A Seizure Disorder
medical history essential; EEG shows semispecific brain activity; based on location and abnormality
What is diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease
characteristic history and careful neurologic examination; decreased dopamine levels may be noted
What is diagnosis of Huntington’s Chorea
no definitive method known; careful neurologic appraisal and by detection of the gene through DNA analysis; CT shows brain atrophy
What is diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
clinical findings of upper and lower motor neuron involvement without any sensory neuron involvement; EMG and muscle biopsy to confirm nerve, not, muscle involvement
What is diagnosis of Restless Leg Syndrome
symptoms during evening or night; leg movement provides temporary relief;
What is diagnosis of Transiet Global Amnesia
observing symptoms and signs and establishing a negative neurologic examination; rule out other options
What is diagnosis of Peripheral Neuritis/Neuropathy
history, combined with clinical findings characteristic of motor and sensory involvement, leads to additional investigation; EMG/NCS nerve conduction
What is diagnosis of Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic Douloureux)
excruciating pain has an abrupt onset and duration of seconds to minutes on one side of face
What is diagnosis of Bell’s Palsy
from symptoms and signs and characteristic history; the typical slant smile
What is diagnosis of Meningitis
lumbar puncture reveals increased CSF pressure and presence of WBCs, protein, and glucose in CSF
What is diagnosis of Encephalitis
lumbar puncture; CSF pressure elevated; Blood and CSF studies reveal virus
What is diagnosis of Guillain-Barre Syndrome
elevated protein in CSF, which peaks 4 to 6 weeks after onset
What is diagnosis of Brain Abscess
history of infection of sinuses or ears, or an insult to CNS; intracranial pressure; EEG and CT confirm
What is diagnosis of Poliomyelitis and Postpolio Syndrome
clinical symptoms with possible exposure to infected person; isolation of poliovirus from throat washings or feces confirms
What is diagnosis of Intracranial Tumors (Brain Tumors)
detailed history, neurologic examinations, and neuroimaging studies; MRI or functional MRI, and PET help preoperative diagnosis
