Chapter 11: Diseases and Conditions of the Urinary System: Terms

Question 1

is an inflammation and swelling of the glomeruli of the kidneys. can be a primary disease of the kidney or may develop secondary to a systemic disease

Answer 1

Acute Glomerulonephritis

Question 2

is a slowly progressive, noninfectious disease that can lead to irreversible renal damage and renal failure. results in inflammation followed by progressive destruction of glomeruli

Answer 2

Chronic Glomerulonephritis

Question 3

a disease of the basement membrane of the glomerulus, is secondary to a number of renal diseases and a variety of systemic disorders

Answer 3

Nephrotic Syndrome

Question 4

a sudden and sever reduction in renal function, is a common clinical emergency because nitrogenous waste products begin to accumulate in the blood quickly, thereby causing an acute uremic episode

Answer 4

Acute Renal Failure (ARF)

Question 5

results from gradual and progressive loss of nephrons, with irreversible loss of renal function and gradual onset or uremia. eventually can be manifested in any and all body systems

Answer 5

Chronic Renal Failure

Question 6

is the most common type of renal disease, is an inflammation of the renal pelvis and connective tissues of one or both kidneys

Answer 6

Pyelonephritis

Question 7

is an abnormal dilation of the renal pelvis caused by pressure from urine that cannot flow past an obstruction in the urinary tract

Answer 7

Hydronephrosis

Question 8

are stones in the kidney or elsewhere in the urinary tract formed by the concentration of various mineral salts

Answer 8

Renal Calculi

Question 9

inflammation of the urinary bladder, and urethritis, inflammation of the urethra, are two common forms.

Answer 9

Infectious Cystitis and Urethritis

Question 10

refers to renal changes resulting from diabetes mellitus, a systemic endocrine disease caused by failure of the pancreas to release enough insulin into the body.

Answer 10

Diabetic Nephropathy

Question 11

is a slowly progressive and irreversible disorder in which normal renal tissue is replaced with multiple grape like cysts

Answer 11

Polycystic Kidney Disease

Question 12

is a dysfunction of the urinary bladder that consists of difficulty in emptying the bladder or urinary incontinence

Answer 12

Neurogenic Bladder

Question 13

is the uncontrollable leakage of urine from the urinary bladder during physical exertion or actions that stress the pelvic muscles, such as laughing, sneezing, coughing, lifting, stretching, or running

Answer 13

Stress Incontinence

Question 14

condition in which one or more malignant tumors develop in one or both kidneys. most common tumor of the kidney occurs it renal cortex

Answer 14

Renal Cell Carcinoma

Question 15

neoplasms usually involve the transitional epithelium (urothelium) that lines the surface of the bladder.

Answer 15

Bladder Tumors