Chapter 10: Diseases and Conditions of the Circulatory System: Etiology Flashcards
What is the etiology of Coronary Artery Diseases
plaque in the lumen of the coronary arteries
What is the etiology of Angina Pectoris
atherosclerosis causes lack bloodflow to myocardium
What is the etiology of Myocardial Infarction
insufficient oxygen supply to the myocardium; heart muscle death
What is the etiology of Cardiac Arrest
anoxia or interruption of the electrical stimuli to the heart
What is the etiology of Essentail Hypertension
unknown; many factors thought to contribute
What is the etiology of Malignant Hypertension
severe form of essential hypertension; extreme stress contribute
What is the etiology of Congestive Heart Failure
heart failure and inadequate perfusion; heart attack; compromised pumping action
What is the etiology of Cor Pulmonale
emphysema; fibrotic pulmonary lesions; right-sided heart failure
What is the etiology of Pulmonary Edema
left-sided heart failure, mitral valve disease, pulmonary embolus, renal failure
What is the etiology of Cardiomyopathy
mostly unknown; dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive are types
What is the etiology of Pericarditis
idiopathic; consequence of inflammation or infection;
What is the etiology of Myocarditis
viral, bacterial, fungal, or protozoal infection; complication of other diseases
What is the etiology of Endocarditis
bacteremia; Staphylococcus aureus, group A B-hemolytic streptococcus
What is the etiology of Rheumatic Fever
after sore throat caused b A B-hemolytic streptococcus; cross-react with normal tissue
What is the etiology of Rheumatic Heart Disease
vegetation may become enlarged or the valves may scar, causing stenosis of the openings
What is the etiology of Mitral Stenosis
rheumatic heart disease
What is the etiology of Mitral Insufficiency
may fail to close because of scar tissue from inflammation and vegetations
What is the etiology of Mitral Valve Prolapse
abnormally long or short chordae tendineae may be the cuase; papillary muscle dysfunction
What is the etiology of Arrhythmias
disturbances in normal conduction; pacemaker, AV node, purkinje fiber issues
What is the etiology of Shock
caused by anaphylaxis, hemorrhage, sepsis, heart failure, many conditons; effective blood circulation decreased
What is the etiology of Cardiogenic Shock
insult that distrubs the heart’s ability to pump blood
What is the etiology of Cardiac Tamponade
insult to integrity of a vessel in the pericardium
What is the etiology of Emboli
blood clots composed of air bubbles, fat globules circulating in blood vessel
What is the etiology of Atherosclerosis
hereditary; fatty diet; cigarette smoking; hypertension; obesity
What is the etiology of Aneurysms
buildup of plaque that weakens the vessel wall
What is the etiology of Phlebitis
unknown
What is the etiology of Thrombophlebitis
venous stasis; blood disorders; injury to venous wall
What is the etiology of Varicose Veins
unknown; defective or absent valves may be suspected
What is the etiology of Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger’s Disease)
long-term smoking of tobacco
What is the etiology of Raynaud’s Disease
peripheral arteries of fingers, ahnds, and feet spasm and constrict; compromise extremity circulation
What is the etiology of Anemias
depends on the anemia type;
What is the etiology of Agranulocytosis
drug toxicity or hypersensitivity; reduced response to bacterial infection
What is the etiology of Polycythemia
sustained increase in hematopoiesis
What is the etiology of Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
older than 65. radiation, chemicals and drugs, smoking contributing factors
What is the etiology of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
no specific cause; trisomy of chromosomes 12, 3, or 16, or deletion of 13 may be seen
What is the etiology of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
family history; radiation treatment; chemo for Hodgkin’s disease; exposure to benzene
What is the etiology of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
exposure to ionization is the only known risk factor; abnormal chromosome 22
What is the etiology of Lymphedema
obstruction of the lymph vessel or node may be inflammatory or mechanical
What is the etiology of Lymphangitis
bacterial invasion into lymph vessels at trauma or ulceration sites
What is the etiology of Hodkin’s Disease
chemo and radiation therapy prior; family history of lymphomas
What is the etiology of Non-Hodkin’s Lymphoma
family history; many different conditions had prior
What is the etiology of Transfusion Incompatibility Reaction
ABO- and Rh-imcompatible blood;
What is the etiology of Classic Hemphilia
X-linked genetic disorder im males; carrier mother to her son; Factor VIII inactive
What is the etiology of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
thrombin activates the production of fibrin, causing clots to form where they are not needed
