Chapter 10: Diseases and Conditions of the Circulatory System: Arrhythmia Types

Question 1

Rate of 60-100 bmp, regular, P wave uniform

Answer 1

Normal sinus rhythm

Question 2

Rate >100 bmp, regular, P wave uniform

Answer 2

Sinus tachycardia

Question 3

Rate

Answer 3

Sinus bradycardia

Question 4

Rate depends on underlying rhythm, usually normal P wave, different morphology from other P waves

Answer 4

Premature atrial contraction

Question 5

Rate of 150-200 bmp, rhythm normal, sudden onset

Answer 5

Atrial tachycardia

Question 6

Atrial rate >350 bpm, ventricular rate 100 bpm (rapid ventricular response)

Answer 6

Atrial fibrillation

Question 7

Rate depends on rate of underlying rhythm, P-R interval >.20 second

Answer 7

First-degree heart block

Question 8

Intermittent block with progressively longer delay in conduction until one beat is blocked; atrial rate normal, ventricular rate slower than normal, rhythm irregular

Answer 8

Second-degree heart block, Wenckebach heart block

Question 9

Ventricular rate slow (1/2, 1/3, or 1/4 of atrial rate)–rhythm, regular; P waves normal, QRS complex dropped every second, third, or fourth beat

Answer 9

Classic second-degree heart block

Question 10

Atrial rate normal, ventricular rate 20-40 or 40-60 bmp; no relationship between P wave and QRS complex

Answer 10

Third-degree heart block

Question 11

Single ectopic beat, arising from ventricle, followed by compensatory pause

Answer 11

Premature ventricular contraction (single focus)

Question 12

Rate dependent on underlying rhythm; rhythm regular or irregular; P wave absent before ectopic beat

Answer 12

Multifocal arrythmia Coupling, two in a row; Bigeminy, every other beat; Trigemini, every third beat; Quadrigeminy, every fourth beat

Question 13

Rate of 150-250 bmp, rhythm usually regular; focus of pacemaker normally single, patient experiences palpitations, dyspnea, and anxiety followed by chest pain

Answer 13

Ventricular tachycardia

Question 14

Patient loses consciousness immediately after onset; no peripheral pulses palpable, no heart sounds, no blood pressure

Answer 14

Ventricular fibrillation

Question 15

impulses origiantes in SA node, conduction normal

Answer 15

Normal Sinus Rhythm

Question 16

rapid impulse originates in SA node, conduction normal; rapid rate

Answer 16

Sinus tachycardia

Question 17

slow impulse originates in SA node, conduction normal; slow rate

Answer 17

Sinus Bradycardia

Question 18

irritable atrium, single ectopic beat that arises prematurely, conduction through venticle normal; Irregular heartbeat, diagnosed by ECG

Answer 18

Prematural atrial contraction

Question 19

Irritable atrium, firing at rapid rates, normal conduction; rapid rate of atrial and ventricular rates identical, diagnosed by ECG

Answer 19

Atrial Tachycardia

Question 20

atrial ectopic foci discharging at too rapid and chaotic rate for muscles to respond and contract, resulting in quivering of atrium; AV node blocks some impulses and ventricle responds irregularly;

ECG shows no P waves, grossly irregular ventricular rate

Answer 20

Atrial Fibrillation

Question 21

Delay at AV node, impulse eventaully conducted; Ecg shows P-R interval >.20 seconds

Answer 21

First-degree heart block

Question 22

SA node initiates impulse, conduction through AV node is blocked intermittently; ECG shows normal P waves, some P waves not followed by QRS complex; P-R interval progressively longer, followed by block of impulse

Answer 22

Second-degree heart block, Wenckebach heart block

Question 23

SA node initiates impulse, conduction through AV node is blocked; ECG shows P waves present, QRS complex blocked every second, third or fourth impulse

Answer 23

Classic second-degree heart block

Question 24

SA node initiates impulse, which is completely blocked from conduction, causing atria and ventricles to beat independently; ECG shows P waves and QRS complex with no relationship to each other, rhythms are regular but independent of each other

Answer 24

Third-Degree Heart block

Question 25

Ectopic beat orginates in irritable ventricle; ECG shows a wide, bizarre QRS complex

Answer 25

Premature Ventricular contraction (single focus)

Question 26

Ectopic beat orginates in irritable ventricle; ECG shows a wide, bizarre QRS complex

Answer 26

Multifocal Arrhytmia; coupling, two in a row; Bigeminy, every other beat; Trigeminy, every third beat; Quadrigeminy, every fourth beat

Question 27

four or more consecutive PVCs at a rapid rate due to advanced irritability of mycardium, indicating ventricular command of heart rate; ECG shows run of four or more PVCs, P wave buried in QRS complex

Answer 27

Ventricular Tachycardia

Question 28

Ventricular fibers twitch rather than contract, reason unknown; Pulseless unconscious patient; ECG shows rapid, repetitive, chaotic waves originating in ventricle

Answer 28

Ventricular fibrillation (a lethal arrhythmia)