Chapter 2: Developmental, Congenital, and Childhood Diseases and Disorders: Symptoms and Signs Flashcards
What are signs and symptoms of Preterm birth or prematurity
12 ounces or less at birth
few creases in palms of hands
possible undescended testicles/prominent clitoris
underdeveloped lungs
what are signs and symptoms of Infant Respiratory Distress syndrome
infant becomes cyanotic
nasal flaring
blood gas exchange ineffective
what are signs and symptoms of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
dyspnea, tachypnea, wheezing
decreased O2 saturation
crackling sound on auscultation
what are signs and symptoms of Retinopathy of Prematurity
risk if born before 28 weeks
no visible symptoms
what are signs and symptoms of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
feeding intolerance abdominal distention blood in stool tender abdomen on palpation (symptoms or sore abdomen basically)
What are signs and symptoms of Robinow Syndrome
dwarfism butterfly vertebrae flat facial profile bulging forehead cup shaped ears genital hyperplasia
What are signs and symptoms of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
collapse of healthy young athlete
chest pain, syncope, hypertension, palpitations, SOB (general heart problem S&S)
What are signs and symptoms of Down Syndrome
heart defects
small head, flat back of skull.
slant eyes
small low set ears
What are signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy
motor performance issues
difficult suckling and swallowing
muscles may be floppy or stuffy
What are signs and symptoms of muscular dystrophy
lordosis or other spinal deformities
contractures
waddling gait
What are signs and symptoms of Spina Bifida Occulta
asymptomatic
hemangioma over the site
What are signs and symptoms of Meningocele
no nerve impairment
sac formed over defect with light transparency
What are signs and symptoms of Myelomeningocele
spinal nerves present in herniation
neurological symptoms
What are signs and symptoms of Hydrocephalus
fontanelles begin to bulge
sutures of skull separate
bigger head
What are signs and symptoms of anencephaly
no cranial vault and little cerebral tissue
what are signs and symptoms of Transposition of the Great Arteries
exhibits cyanosis and tachypnea, followed by signs of heart failure after birth
what are signs and symptoms of Clubfoot
heel is draw up, lateral side of foot is convex.
obvious by looking
what are signs and symptoms of development dysplasia of the Hip
asymmetric folds of the thigh of the newborn
limited abduction of the affected hip
what are signs and symptoms of Cleft Lip and Palate
cleft extending though hard and soft palates in the nasal area.
nasal regurgitation
what are signs and symptoms of cryptorchidism
detected at birth by physical examination.
obvious by looking
what are signs and symptoms of Wilm’s tumors
mass in the kidney region
hematuria, abdomen pain, anemia, constipation
what are signs and symptoms of phimosis
difficulty urination
difficulty cleaning the glans penis
what are signs and symptoms of congenital pyloric stenosis
projectile vomiting after feeding
dehydration and electrolyte imbalance (due to vomiting)
what are signs and symptoms of Hirschsprung’s Disease
depend on age and progression
failing to pass meconium
bile-stained or fecal vomit
what are signs and symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis
attacks lungs and digestive system. thick mucous that accumulates and blocks ducts in these locations
what are signs and symptoms of phenylketonuria
enzyme needed to change an amino acid in the body into tyrosine is lacking. accumulates in the blood and urine and is toxic to the brain
what are signs and symptoms of Klinefelter’s syndrome e
abnormal testicular development
reduced testosterone levels
long legs, above average height, reduced muscular development
what are signs and symptoms of Turner’s syndrome
ovaries are immature or absent at birth
short, low set ears
swollen hands and feet.
webbing of the neck
what are signs and symptoms of chickenpox
superficial cutaneous lesions that began as red macule then progress to papules and then become vesicles
what are signs and symptoms of diphtheria
sore throat, dysphagia
cough,
hoarseness and chills
what are signs and symptoms of mumps
tenderness in the neck in front of and below the ears in the region of the parotid glands and pain on swallowing
in adult males orchitis, which may lead to sterility
what the three stages of pertussis
- high contagious catarrhal stage, when the child seems to have a common cold
- the paroxysmal stage, when the cough becomes silent, ending in a high-pitched inspiratory whoop
- convalescent period, when the cough gradually diminishes
what are signs and symptoms of Measles
cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, photophobia
a 3 to 7 day red blotchy rash
what are signs and symptoms of Rubella
rose-colored slightly elevated rash that appears first on the face and head and then progresses downward on the body
what are signs and symptoms of tetanus
febrile, irritable and sweats profusely
stiff neck, tight jaw (lockjaw)
spasm of facial muscles and difficulty swallowing
what are signs and symptoms of SIDS
died under 1 year. can’t be established why they died
what are signs and symptoms of croup
hoarseness, fever, high-pitched cough, stridor
dyspnea
pale skin due to lack of oxygen
what are signs and symptoms of epiglottis
sore throat,
3 to 7 years of age
croupy cough, fever, respiratory distress
what are signs and symptoms of acute tonsillitis
sudden onset.
mild to severe sore throat, chills, fever, headache, malaise, anorexia
exudate from the tonsils
what are signs and symptoms of adenoid hyperplasia
otitis media
conductive hearing loss
mouth breather and snorer
what are signs and symptoms of asthma
rapid shallow respirations
inability to spread more than a few words without halting to breathe
nasal flaring
what are signs and symptoms of bronchiolitis
cough, nasal congestion, tachypnea, respiratory distress
breathing too fast to feed
what are signs and symptoms of infantile colic
draws up the legs, clenches fists, and cries as if in pain.
pass gas by mouth and rectum
late afternoon and evening episodes
what are signs and symptoms of Helminth (worm) infestation
hatch in intestines
migrate to perianal area and cause itching
What are signs and symptoms of Diarrhea
dehydration, electrolyte imbalance.
metabolic acidosis
what are signs and symptoms of vomiting
mild to projectile expulsion
distended abdomen, a fever
what are signs and symptoms of anemia
pallor, weakness, fatiguability
tachycardia, cardiac enlargement, jaundice
what are signs and symptoms of leukemia
anemia, susceptibility to infection
prolonged bleeding time
what are signs and symptoms of Erythroblastosis Fetalis
anemia, jaundice, kernicterus, enlarged liver and spleen.
what are signs and symptoms of Lead Poisoning
loss of appetite, vomiting, irritability, ataxic gait
peripheral neuritis
what are signs and symptoms of Reye’s syndrome
disruption in urea cycle causes swelling of brain
what are the five stages of Reye’s syndrome
- lethargy, littleness, irritability
- hyperventilation, hyperactive reflexes
- organ changes and coma
- deeper coma and loss of cerebral functions
- seizures, loss of deep tendon reflexes and respiratory arrest
what are signs and symptoms of FAS
exposure to too much alcohol in utero.
below average weight
small eye openings, thin upper lip
central nervous system problems
what are signs and symptoms of diaper rash
excoriation
maculopapular rash
what are signs and symptoms of neuroblastoma
abdominal mass abdominal pain or fullness bone pain periorbital ecchymosis (raccoon eyes)
