Chapter 3: Immunologic Diseases and Conditions: Terms Flashcards
progressive impairment of the immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
is an acquired B-cell deficiency that results in decreased antibody production and/or function
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (Acquired Hypogammaglobulinemia)
fail to produce normal levels of IgA. some deficiencies in IgM or IgG have been reported
Selective Immunoglobulin A Deficiency
is a condition characterized by near absence of serum immunoglobulins and increased susceptibility to infection
X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s Agammaglobulinemia)
group of disorders that result from disturbance in the development and function of both T cells and B cells. absence of both cell-mediated and antibody mediated immunity
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
congenital condition of immunodeficiency that results from defective development of the pharyngeal pouch system and presents with cardiac abnormalities, hypo plastic thymus, and hypocalcemia
DiGeorge’s Anomaly (Thymic Hypoplasia or Aplasia)
refers to a group of disorders characterized by persistent and recurrent candidal (fungal) infections of the skin, nails, and mucous membranes
Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis
congenital disorder that is characterized by inadequate B and T cell function
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
autoimmune condition in which the red blood cells (RBCs) are destroyed by antibodies
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
caused by chronic atrophic gastritis resulting in decreased gastric production of HCl and a shortage of intrinsic factor; impaired B12 absorption and B12 deficiency
Pernicious Anemia
acquired disorder that results form an isolated deficiency of platelets; autoantibodies against platelets
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP)
describe neutropenia, a decreased number of circulating neutrophils, which is usually caused by the production of antineutrophil antibodies
Immune Neutropenia
autoimmune kidney disease characterized by the presence of antibodies directed against an antigen in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM)
Goodpasture’s Syndrome (anti-GBM antibody disease)
chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by unusual autoantibodies in the blood that targets tissues of the body
Systemic Lupus erythematosus
chronic, progressive disease characterized by mostly sclerosis (hardening) of the skin; scarring of certain internal organs can occur as well
Scleroderma (Systemic Sclerosis)
autoimmune disease that features inflammation in various glands of the body; results in dryness
Sjorgren’s Syndrome
chronic inflammatory, systemic disease that affects the joints. severe form of arthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
form of Rheumatoid Arthritis that affects children (less than 16 years of age) and begins most commonly between the ages of 2 and 5 years old
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
systemic, usually progressive, inflammatory disease affecting primarily the spinal column
Ankylosing Spondylitis
disease of muscle that features inflammation of the muscle fibers. affected are mostly closest to the trunk or torso
Polymyositis
is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. attacks the myelin sheath, a fatty substance covering most of the nerves in the brain and spinal cord, and ultimately causes scarring (sclerosis) that debilities the nerves
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
chronic, progressive neuromuscular disease that is thought to stem from the presence of autoantibodies to the acetylcholine receptor
Myasthenia Gravis
is the category of vasculitis that primarily affects the capillaries, arterioles, and venules; becoming necrotic when it is obstructed by a thrombus
small vessel vasculitis
primarily affects medium and large arteries; becoming necrotic when it is obstructed by a thrombus
Systemic Necrotizing Vasculitis
