Chapter 8: Diseases and Conditions of the Digestive System: Terms Flashcards
permanent teeth are missing
Missing Teeth
molar is malpositioned, thereby preventing normal eruption
Impacted Third Molar
considered an infection resulting in erosion of the tooth surface
Dental Caries (Cavities)
teeth are discolored
Discolored Teeth
inflammation and swelling of the gums
Gingivitis
is a destructive gum and bone disease around one or more of the teeth
Periodontitis
are neoplasms that are benign or malignant, localized or invasive
Oral Tumors
specific angles of malposition and contact of the maxillary and mandibular teeth
Malocclusion
symptom of complex related to inflammation, disease, or dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Syndrome
is a pus-filled sac that develops in the tissue surrounding the base of the root
Tooth Abscess
is a lesion on the mucous membrane, exposing the underlying sensitive tissue
Mouth Ulcers
contagious, recurrent viral infection that affects the skin and mucous membranes.
Herpes Simplex (Cold Sores)
candidiasis of the oral mucosa, involving the mouth, tongue, palate, and gums
Thrush
is a common infection affecting the gums and the anchoring structure of the teeth
Necrotizing Periodontal Disease (trench mouth)
is hyperkeratosis or epidermal thickening of the buccal mucosa, palate, or lower lip
Leukoplakia
includes squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of the lips, cheek mucosa, anterior tongue, floor of the mouth, hard palate, and upper and lower gingiva
Oral Cancer
refers to clinical manifestations of regurgitation of stomach and duodenal contents into the esophagus, frequently occurring at night.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
dilated submucosal veins that develop in patients with underlying portal hypertension and may result in serious paper gastrointestinal bleeding
Esophageal Varices
inflammation and tissue injury of the esophagus
Esophagitis
occurs in the esophagus, the muscular organ that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. lined for most of its length with squamous cell epithelium, which can give rise to squamous cell carcinoma
Esophageal Cancer
protective mucous membrane of the stomach or upper intestinal tract beaks down, the lining is prone to ulceration
Gastric and Duodenal Peptic Ulcers
inflammation of the lining of the stomach; the acute form is a common disorder
Gastritis
occurs in the stomach, the organ located in the upper abdomen that connects the esophagus and small intestine
Gastric Cancer
is an inflammation of the appendix, a narrow pouch about 3.5 inches long that extends from the first part of the large intestine (cecum)
Acute Appendicitis
is a defect in the diaphragm that permits a segment of the stomach to slide into the thoracic cavity
Hiatal Hernia
is the condition in which an organ protrudes through an abdominal opening in the abdominal wall
Abdominal Hernia
chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that affects up to 480,000 persons in the United States
Crohn’s Disease (Regional Enteritis)
chronic inflammatory bowel disease affecting the mucosa and submucosa of the rectum and colon
Ulcerative Colitis
general term for acute inflammation of the lining of the stomach and intestines
Gastroenteritis
is mechanical or functional blockage of the intestines
Intestinal Obstruction
is a progressive condition, common with age, characterized by defects in the muscular walls of the large bowel
Diverticulosis (Diverticular Disease)
an infection of one or more diverticula
Diverticulitis
is a cancer that arises in any part of the colon or the rectum
Colorectal Cancer
is acute inflammation with plaque like adhesion of necrotic debris and mucus adhered to the damaged superficial mucosa of the small and large intestines
Pseudomembranous Enterocolitis
the small bowel fails to absorb nutrients because of inadequate absorptive surface
Short-Bowel Syndrome
is a functional bowel disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain or discomfort, bloating, and erratic dysfunction of bowel habits
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
inflammation of the peritoneum, can be acute or chronic and local or generalized
Peritonitis
are varicose dilations of a vein in the anal canal or the anorectal area
Hemorrhoids
is a chronic degenerative disease that is irreversible. brings slow deterioration of the liver, resulting in the replacement of normal liver cells with hard, fibrous scar tissue, known as hobnail liver
Cirrhosis of the Liver
systemic infection causing symptoms ranging from mild inflammation of the liver to severe involvement with destruction of hepatic cells. common cause of acute hepatitis, is endemic in much of the world.
Viral Hepatitis
highly contagious and causes mild acute liver infection. the only hepatitis causing spiking fevers. moves through the fecal-oral route
Hepatitis A
Blood borne hepatitis. Is primarily transferred through the use of sharing needles, and sexual contact with another individual
Hepatitis B
blood borne hepatitis. Is primarily transferred through a blood transfusion process. the patient is incurable
Hepatitis C
hepatocellular carcinoma is a primary tumor of the liver that usually arises in the setting of chronic liver disease
Cancer of the Liver
common condition in which there is an abnormal presence of calculi or gallstones that form in the bin e
Cholelithiasis (Gallstones)
acute or chronic inflammation of the gallbladder, usually associated with obstruction of the cystic duct
Cholecystitis
acute or chronic inflammation of the pancreas with variable involvement of adjacent and remote organs
Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis
neoplasm, usually an adenocarcinoma, and occurs more often in the head of the pancreas
Pancreatic Cancer
disorder of nutrition caused by primary deprivation of protein-energy (send in poverty or self-imposed starvation) or secondary to deficiency diseases (such as cancer or diabetes)
Malnutrition
refers to a group of disorders in which intestinal absorption of dietary nutrients is impaired
Malabsorption Syndrome
is a disease of the small intestine that is characterized by malabsorption, gluten intolerance, and damage to the lining of the intestine
Celiac Disease (Gluten Enteropathy)
is an illness resulting from the eating of food that contains bacterial toxins and viral, chemical, or toxic substances
Fod Poisoning
an eating disorder, is linked to a psychological disturbance in which hunger is denied by self-imposed starvation, resulting from a distorted body image and a compulsion to be thin
Anorexia Nervosa
behavioral disorder characterized by recurring episodes of binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting or purging, usually in secret
Bulimia Nervosa
is a loss of equilibrium experienced during motion
Motion Sickness
