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PathMad > Chapter 8: Diseases and Conditions of the Digestive System: Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Diseases and Conditions of the Digestive System: Terms Flashcards

1
Q

permanent teeth are missing

A

Missing Teeth

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2
Q

molar is malpositioned, thereby preventing normal eruption

A

Impacted Third Molar

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3
Q

considered an infection resulting in erosion of the tooth surface

A

Dental Caries (Cavities)

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4
Q

teeth are discolored

A

Discolored Teeth

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5
Q

inflammation and swelling of the gums

A

Gingivitis

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6
Q

is a destructive gum and bone disease around one or more of the teeth

A

Periodontitis

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7
Q

are neoplasms that are benign or malignant, localized or invasive

A

Oral Tumors

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8
Q

specific angles of malposition and contact of the maxillary and mandibular teeth

A

Malocclusion

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9
Q

symptom of complex related to inflammation, disease, or dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint

A

Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Syndrome

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10
Q

is a pus-filled sac that develops in the tissue surrounding the base of the root

A

Tooth Abscess

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11
Q

is a lesion on the mucous membrane, exposing the underlying sensitive tissue

A

Mouth Ulcers

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12
Q

contagious, recurrent viral infection that affects the skin and mucous membranes.

A

Herpes Simplex (Cold Sores)

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13
Q

candidiasis of the oral mucosa, involving the mouth, tongue, palate, and gums

A

Thrush

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14
Q

is a common infection affecting the gums and the anchoring structure of the teeth

A

Necrotizing Periodontal Disease (trench mouth)

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15
Q

is hyperkeratosis or epidermal thickening of the buccal mucosa, palate, or lower lip

A

Leukoplakia

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16
Q

includes squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of the lips, cheek mucosa, anterior tongue, floor of the mouth, hard palate, and upper and lower gingiva

A

Oral Cancer

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17
Q

refers to clinical manifestations of regurgitation of stomach and duodenal contents into the esophagus, frequently occurring at night.

A

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

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18
Q

dilated submucosal veins that develop in patients with underlying portal hypertension and may result in serious paper gastrointestinal bleeding

A

Esophageal Varices

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19
Q

inflammation and tissue injury of the esophagus

A

Esophagitis

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20
Q

occurs in the esophagus, the muscular organ that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. lined for most of its length with squamous cell epithelium, which can give rise to squamous cell carcinoma

A

Esophageal Cancer

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21
Q

protective mucous membrane of the stomach or upper intestinal tract beaks down, the lining is prone to ulceration

A

Gastric and Duodenal Peptic Ulcers

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22
Q

inflammation of the lining of the stomach; the acute form is a common disorder

A

Gastritis

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23
Q

occurs in the stomach, the organ located in the upper abdomen that connects the esophagus and small intestine

A

Gastric Cancer

24
Q

is an inflammation of the appendix, a narrow pouch about 3.5 inches long that extends from the first part of the large intestine (cecum)

A

Acute Appendicitis

25
Q

is a defect in the diaphragm that permits a segment of the stomach to slide into the thoracic cavity

A

Hiatal Hernia

26
Q

is the condition in which an organ protrudes through an abdominal opening in the abdominal wall

A

Abdominal Hernia

27
Q

chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that affects up to 480,000 persons in the United States

A

Crohn’s Disease (Regional Enteritis)

28
Q

chronic inflammatory bowel disease affecting the mucosa and submucosa of the rectum and colon

A

Ulcerative Colitis

29
Q

general term for acute inflammation of the lining of the stomach and intestines

A

Gastroenteritis

30
Q

is mechanical or functional blockage of the intestines

A

Intestinal Obstruction

31
Q

is a progressive condition, common with age, characterized by defects in the muscular walls of the large bowel

A

Diverticulosis (Diverticular Disease)

32
Q

an infection of one or more diverticula

A

Diverticulitis

33
Q

is a cancer that arises in any part of the colon or the rectum

A

Colorectal Cancer

34
Q

is acute inflammation with plaque like adhesion of necrotic debris and mucus adhered to the damaged superficial mucosa of the small and large intestines

A

Pseudomembranous Enterocolitis

35
Q

the small bowel fails to absorb nutrients because of inadequate absorptive surface

A

Short-Bowel Syndrome

36
Q

is a functional bowel disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain or discomfort, bloating, and erratic dysfunction of bowel habits

A

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

37
Q

inflammation of the peritoneum, can be acute or chronic and local or generalized

A

Peritonitis

38
Q

are varicose dilations of a vein in the anal canal or the anorectal area

A

Hemorrhoids

39
Q

is a chronic degenerative disease that is irreversible. brings slow deterioration of the liver, resulting in the replacement of normal liver cells with hard, fibrous scar tissue, known as hobnail liver

A

Cirrhosis of the Liver

40
Q

systemic infection causing symptoms ranging from mild inflammation of the liver to severe involvement with destruction of hepatic cells. common cause of acute hepatitis, is endemic in much of the world.

A

Viral Hepatitis

41
Q

highly contagious and causes mild acute liver infection. the only hepatitis causing spiking fevers. moves through the fecal-oral route

A

Hepatitis A

42
Q

Blood borne hepatitis. Is primarily transferred through the use of sharing needles, and sexual contact with another individual

A

Hepatitis B

43
Q

blood borne hepatitis. Is primarily transferred through a blood transfusion process. the patient is incurable

A

Hepatitis C

44
Q

hepatocellular carcinoma is a primary tumor of the liver that usually arises in the setting of chronic liver disease

A

Cancer of the Liver

45
Q

common condition in which there is an abnormal presence of calculi or gallstones that form in the bin e

A

Cholelithiasis (Gallstones)

46
Q

acute or chronic inflammation of the gallbladder, usually associated with obstruction of the cystic duct

A

Cholecystitis

47
Q

acute or chronic inflammation of the pancreas with variable involvement of adjacent and remote organs

A

Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis

48
Q

neoplasm, usually an adenocarcinoma, and occurs more often in the head of the pancreas

A

Pancreatic Cancer

49
Q

disorder of nutrition caused by primary deprivation of protein-energy (send in poverty or self-imposed starvation) or secondary to deficiency diseases (such as cancer or diabetes)

A

Malnutrition

50
Q

refers to a group of disorders in which intestinal absorption of dietary nutrients is impaired

A

Malabsorption Syndrome

51
Q

is a disease of the small intestine that is characterized by malabsorption, gluten intolerance, and damage to the lining of the intestine

A

Celiac Disease (Gluten Enteropathy)

52
Q

is an illness resulting from the eating of food that contains bacterial toxins and viral, chemical, or toxic substances

A

Fod Poisoning

53
Q

an eating disorder, is linked to a psychological disturbance in which hunger is denied by self-imposed starvation, resulting from a distorted body image and a compulsion to be thin

A

Anorexia Nervosa

54
Q

behavioral disorder characterized by recurring episodes of binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting or purging, usually in secret

A

Bulimia Nervosa

55
Q

is a loss of equilibrium experienced during motion

A

Motion Sickness

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